Adaptative Study On The Herdsmen's Production Decision-making Behavior To Grassland Eco-protection Subsidy And Incentive Policyyt

Grassland Eco-protection Subsidy and Incentive Policy(GEPSIP)is hoped that herdsmen were given subsidies or incentives to achieve the goal of banning grazing or grassland-livestock balance through transfer payment and steadily promote grassland restoration and sustainable utilization.Based on the GEPSIP implementation,the study selected East Ujimqin Banner,Xilinhot city and Sonid Right Banner in Xilingol League of Inner Mongolia as the study areas,in which grassland resource background and natural capital of herders were significant difference.The survey data,satellite remote sensing data,field experiment monitoring data,Xilingol statistics yearbook et al.were used and integrated.Guided by ecological,economic and sociological theories,regression analysis,model analysis,comparative analysis and case analysis were combined,the impacts of the GEPSIP implementation on the herdsmen?s husbandry production and living and grassland ecological quality were explored,and the regulation trend and intensity of herdsmen to grasslandlivestock balance under the policy constraints was spotted,the decision-making mechanism of herdsmen to regulate overgrazing was analyzed.Suggestions for improvement of the GEPSIP were proposed.The main results of the study are as follows:1.From the perspective of the impact of the GEPSIP implementation on the livestock husbandry production,herdsmen which as the production and decision-making basic unit of grassland livestock husbandry,increases stocking rate by regulating the number of livestock,the area of grassland management and the amount of forage purchased,and maintain and improve the input-output efficiency and the ratio of effective production decision-making unit.Significant positive correlation between the rising of market price of livestock products and stocking rate was found.Overgrazing grassland as the main herdsmen's production decision-making behavior to maintain and improve their income yet.In 2014,the overload rate on the scale of herdsmen was 28.23% in East Ujimqin Banner,42.62% in Xilinhot city,and 116.60% in Sonid Right Banner.2.From the perspective of the impact of the GEPSIP implementation on the herdsmen's living(income and expenditure),the production and business input of herdsmen has increased or maintained a high level,while business income has also increased.From 2009 to 2014,the per capita operating net income increased by 21.32% in East Uzhumqin Banner,15.71% in Xilinhot City and 134.46% in Sonid Right Banner.The main part of herdsmen's income was occupied by mangement income which accounts for 86%-90% in the total income,while the transfer income mainly based on supplementary funds accounts for only 6.49%-12.44% in the total income.3.From the perspective of the impact of the GEPSIP implementation on grassland ecological status,after the eliminating the effect of climate fluctuation on grassland productivity,the implementation of the policy has played a positive role in grassland eco-protection,which is mainly reflected in the fact that it may delay the continuous deterioration of grassland and reduce the decline of grassland ecological function in terms of time.However,its regulation ability of maintaining and restoring grassland ecology will be weakened gradually as the implementation of the policy goes on,indicating that we should continue to strengthen the positive role of the policy in regulating grassland utilization intensity and protecting grassland ecology.4.The scientific and efficient assessment of grassland utilization status has important guiding significance for the supervision and management of the GEPSIP implementation.Seven indicators which all have threshold compared with the enclosure control grassland ecosystem can be used as important indicators for evaluation of grass-livestock balance rapidly,they are as follows:the residual rate after grazing(35%-75%),the biomass(50%-95%),height(50%-95%)and density(?85%)of constructive plant population,the biomass(55%~85%)and species diversity(? 100%)of community,aboveground net primary productivity(?100%).