Facial Infrared Thermography And Sympathetic Nerve Excitab Ility In The Patients With Hypertension

PART Ⅰ FACIAL INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTSObjectives: It’s with low awareness and control rate for Chinese hypertens ion patients.Noninvas ive hypertens ion detection technique should been urgent developed.A touch-free method based on infrared thermonography(IRI)was investigated for hypertension patients screen.Methods: According to the level of blood pressure or comorbidity,Partic ipants were divided into control,EH1-3 groups,or EH and EH+DM group.The facial IRI and two-dimensional temperature distributions were collected in all subjects by an infrared camera.The fac ial temperature data and IRI were compared and analyzed in every group.The relationship of the thermal and arteriosclerosis parameters was analyzed.Results: comparing with control patients(n=113),EH(n=129)and EH+DM(n=87)patients were higher in the lowest temperature and the highest temperature(p<0.01).The facial highest temperature and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity(ba PWV)were related with different SBP level(R=0.519,0.751).With the range temperature as the variable,the area under the curve was 0.815,and the cut-off point temperature was 0.65 ℃.The facial IRI in hypertension patients presented brighter comparing with normal subjects.Comparing with control(7.96%),EH patients with higher proportion(33.33%)temperature-different spots in IRI,especially in EH+DM patients(59.77%).After adjusting for other risk factors,EH history≥10 years(OR=5.671),DM history≥10 years(OR=3.594),smoking(OR=2.806),FG(OR=1.218),ba PWV(OR=1.202)were significantly correlated with the different-temperature spots.Conclusions: The hypertension patients with higher facial temperature,especially severe in patients.Some abnormal circulative condition can be found noninvasive by IRI.The infrared thermography should be further explored as an assistant technique for a noninvasive and touch-free hypertension and circulative abnormal screen in clinic.PART Ⅱ DIFFERENCE OF THE FACIAL INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS BETWEEN THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN REGIONSObjectives: To assess the facial infrared thermography of hypertens ive patients in the South and north areas and analyze the relationship of facial temperature,temperature difference sport and blood pressure.Methods: Hypertension patients were included in the southern and Northern groups.The facial temperature and the two-dimens ional infrared thermal imaging(IRI)distribution of all the subjects were collected with infrared camera.The facial temperature data and IRI were compared between the two groups.The relationship between two groups of thermal image temperature,thermal image distribution and arteriosclerosis parameters was analyzed.Results: When the blood pressure in the northern group was higher,the maximum face temperature was higher.The maximum and the minimum temperature of the face in the northern group were above 0.23℃ and 0.34℃,respectively.Tthe ba PWV was above 1.67m/s and the ABI low 0.07.The temperature difference spot is 33.33% in the south group,and it is 43.75% in the north group.Conclusions: When the blood pressure is higher,the maximum temperature of the face is higher too,whether in the South or in the north group.The hypertensive patients in northern group als o have the existence of the temperature difference spot,and the proportion is higher than that in the south group.PART Ⅲ FACIAL INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY AND SYMPATHETIC NERVE EXCITAB ILITY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS BETWEEN THE SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN REGIONSObjectives: To assess the relationship between the facial temperature and sympathetic nerve excitability in hypertensive patients between the north and south regions,by determining the norepinephrine(NE),epinephrine(E)and renalase(RE).Methods: The norepinephrine and adrenaline were measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)in the hypertens ion patients between the southern and northern regions.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the values of two groups of renalase.The relationship between thermal image temperature and NE,E and RE in the southern and northern regions were analyzed.And the relationship between the thermal image temperature and NE,E and RE in the uniformity group and the nonuniformity group were analyzed.Results: In the northern group,the renalase was lower 0.5mg/L than that in the southern region.There were no difference o f norepinephrine and adrenaline between the northern and southern group.The maxium temperature of the face was not related to norepinephrine,adrenaline and renalase.The brachial ankle pulse wave velocity was also not related to norepinephrine,adrenaline and renalase.There were no significant difference of norepinephrine,epinephrine and renalin between the uniformity group and the nonuniformity group.Conclusions: The maxium temperature of the face is not related to norepinephrine,adrenalin and renalamines.The relationship between facial temperature and sympathetic excitability needs to be further explored.