Study On The Relationship Between Intestinal Microorganism And Host Metabolic Phenotype In Patients With Spleen-deficiency Syndrome

A very large colony of microbes is planted in the human body,in which the digestive tract is a major ecological area for microbes.Gut microorganism is regarded as an important invisible organ of human body.It plays an important role in health and disease initiation in humans,especially for digestive system diseases.Spleen-deficiency syndrome is one of the most typical syndrome patterns in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinics especially in chronic digestive system diseases.Its main sympotoms includes poor appetite,bloating after eating,thin stool,lassitude,and weakness,et al.Spleen-qi-deficiency syndrome and Spleen-yang-deficiency syndromes are the most two common types of Spleen-deficiency syndrome.Spleen deficiency can cause digestive and absorption disorders,which will result in the change of gut microecological structure.The changed gut microbiota will affect the body's absorption of nutrient,reduce the immunity and weaken the intestinal barrier,making the symptoms of Spleen-deficiency syndrome worse.Therefore,the study and revelation of the relationship between the structural changes of intestinal flora and the metabolic phenotype of the host can help understand the pathological of Spleen-deficiency syndrome and enrich the microecological study of TCM syndorme.To study the complex co-metabolism system of intestinal flora and human body,metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing are emerging as powerful technology.Combination of metabolomics,microecology and high-throughput sequencing technology can effectively study the relationship between structural changes of intestinal microflora and host metabolic phenotypes,and provides a new perspective to reveal the effect of the structure and function of intestinal microflora on Spleen-deficiency syndrome,and co-metabolic relationship between the intestinal flora and the host.Therefore,in our study,the UPLC-QTOFMS-based metabolomics and 16 S rDNA based gut microbiota analysis for recruited patients with Spleen-qi-deficiency and Spleen-yang-deficiency syndrome were studied for the first time,and the correlation between the two results was also successfully calculated and explored.The results showed that the structural changes of intestinal microflora have a potential contribution to the metabolic disorder in patients with Spleen-deficiency symdrome.Firstly,the structure of intestinal flora for the two case groups has obvious separated trend compared to the health group.Lefse difference analysis showed that there were significantly increased bacteria of cyanobacteria,cyanobacteria and decreased fusicatenibacter and ruminant clostridium in Spleen-qi-deficiency syndrome group;significantly higher firmicutes and decreased fusobacterium and bacteroides in Spleen-yang-deficiency syndrome group.Through plasma and urine metabolomic stuides,it is found that the metabolic abnormality in the Spleen-qi-deficiency group is mainly related to amino acids metabolism including arginine and proline metabolism;the metabolic abnormalities in Spleen-yang-deficiency group were mainly foucsed on TCA cycle and glycolysis related energy metabolism,and gut microbiota involved tryptophan metabolism.Lastly,through the correlation study between intestinal microflora and metabolomic data,it revealed that the structure of intestinal bacteria in patients with Spleendeficiency syndrome has strong correlations with host metabolic phenotype.Further analysis showed that structual changess of intestinal bacteria can have impact on host phenotype mainly through metabolic pathways of mucosal integrity,bile acid metabolism and polysaccharide decomposition.As a result,the above results provided important basis for intestinal flora involved in the pathogenesis of host metabolism in Spleen-deficiency syndrome.These results were of great significance for early warning of Spleen-deficiency syndrome and intervention through gut microbiota target,and provided new perspective for the modernization of TCM syndrome.