Experimental Research Of Self-prefabricated Customed Joint Tissues

The bone,cartilage,joint,or organ defect or dysfunctions are the main reasons of human incurable disease.Related literatures reported that it was about 10% of the total population was suffered from the damage disease caused by bone,cartilage,joint tissue or organ defect.According to incomplete statistics,the number of joint disease showed an annual growth trend.The reconstruction of damaged tissue or organ is an extremely important medical challenge in currentlyFor decades,in vitro tissue engineering has been succeeded firstly.However,the in vitro process,exogenous growth factor,imperfect vascularization and so on always exist many uncertainties for tissue engineering.These factors have been hampered the clinical application.In recent years,we have confirmed the important role of the in vivo environment.The concept studies of "In vivo bioreactor," "Cell homing" etc.have confirmed the possibility of self-repair and self-regenerative in wound healing.These research progresses make us come to realize that we have been ignored the importance role of self-regeneration capability.Chapter one The self-prefabrication of osteochondral composite tissue[objective] To discuss the feasibility of self-prefabricated without using harvest/expansion of cells and exogenous bio-scaffolds or growth factors[method] The junction of costal periosteum,perichondrium,and its neurovascular bundle were utilized as an in vivo renaissance pool(IRP)to prefabricate the customed neurovascular osteochondral composite tissue.Meanwhile,the radiological,histological and biomechanical testing of the new formed tissues was implemented at the 6,12,24,and 48 weeks.[result] The radiological,histological and biomechanical results showed that the well chondrogenesis,osteogenesis,and vessel results were observed in new formed tissues by self-prefabrication.The similar histological and biomechanical strength were obtained.Chapter two Experimental researches of repair and reconstruct the knee defect by self-prefabricated osteochondral composite tissue.[objective] To discuss the feasibility of repair and reconstruction the knee defect by self-prefabricated osteochondral composite tissue.[method] By the first part method,it used the prefabricated customed neurovascular osteochondral composite tissue to repair the knee joint defect.The radiological,histological and biomechanical testing of knee joint was tested at 4,12,and 24 weeks.[result] The radiological and histological testing showed that the defected knee were received a perfect histology,anatomy and function reconstructionChapter three Experimental researches of the self-prefabrication mandibular ramus and transplant to reconstruct TMJ[objective] To discuss the feasibility of self-prefabrication mandibular ramus and observation the result of reconstruct after transplantation[method] It created DBM positive molds using CAD/CAM and a rapid prototyping method by 3D printing.The prefabricated 3-months mandibular ramus was replaced unilateral self-TMJ in goats.The histology of the TMJ,the occlusion and mobility of the mandible were tested 1,6,and 12 months post-replacement.[result] It suggest that the self-capability of prefabrication entire TMJ mandibular ramus by self-regenerative without harvest/expansion of cells in vitro or exogenous elements(e.g.growth factor,bio-scaffolds,gene)were feasible.ConclusionsThe study fully mobilize the body's in vivo renaissance unit,the well neurovascular osteochondral composite tissues were self-regeneration.Moreover,the IRP is the determining factor in tissue regeneration,and it has significant advantages compared to current methods of in-vivo tissue engineering.The prefabricated composite tissues successfully repaired a large area fully thickness knee defect and obtained well histological and biomechanical function reconstruction.The vascularized mandibular ramus of TMJ with well structure and function were prefabricated completely by the self-regeneration.After the self-replacement of TMJ,it successfully restored occlusal relationship and obtained histological and biomechanical function reconstruction.