The Research Of The Ideology Of The Respect For The Style Of Parallel Prose In Qing Dynasty

The ideology of the respect for the style of parallel prose is based on the situation of non-respect of the parallel prose,and to highly praise it for changing its position through various ways.Since the "four six"(alternated rhythmical lines of four and six characters)of the parallel prose has been established in late Tang Dynasty until late Ming Dynasty,the position of the parallel prose style was not high,although there were a few opinions of respect the parallel prose occasionally.Until Qing Dynasty,with the prosperous of the creation of the parallel prose,and the flourishing of Sinology which was consistent with the parallel prose,the ideology of respect of the parallel prose had developed rapidly.In Qing Dynasty,the ideology of the respect for the style of parallel prose included the following aspects:1)Arguments of the necessity of the parallel prose existence.In the early Qing Dynasty,the existence of the parallel prose had been queried.Some literary theorists argued its necessity from "antithetical parallelism" and "the relativity of the parallel prose and the free prose".This is the status of pre-respect for the style of parallel prose.2)Cut "four six" to hold in esteem the parallel prose.There were big relations of the non-respect of the parallel prose style and the "four six" in Song,Yuan and Ming Dynasty.Some literary theorists such as Yuan Mei,Sun Mei,Sun Deqian claimed that "four six and the parallel prose are different"."Four six" was practical writing,and it "lost the writer charm" on aesthetic by "four words and six words intersperses with each other".On the other hand,the style of parallel prose was relatively free,and full of literary flavor.Therefore,the parallel prose got rid of the burden of "four six",and its style started to become respectable.3)Correct the drawbacks and to hold in esteem the parallel prose.The disadvantages of the parallel prose itself made its humble position.Since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,There were two main defects of the parallel prose—seculariztion and knowledge tendency.Wu Zi,Peng Zhaosun and Sun Mei,as the representatives of some parallel prose literary theorists,corrected the defects via selection and the four six words,to develop the ideal parallel prose.On the one hand,they analyzed and advocated the elegant parallel prose,against vulgar and formalized ones.On the other hand,they balanced ability and knowledge,advocated human natural and object to use less rhyme words and obscure allusions.The correction enhanced the grade of the parallel prose and enabled it respectable.4)The integration of the parallel prose and the free prose and made the parallel prose the same position of the free prose.The free prose had higher position than the parallel prose.Li Zhaoluo,as a representative of some literary theorists advocated the integration of the parallel prose and the free prose-keeping the independence of the parallel prose style and weakening their external differences,emphasizing the two inner unity and complementarity,so as to make the equivalent positions of both styles.Thus,the position of the parallel prose style was promoted to be respected.In Qing Dynasty,the integration ideology included four main aspects to promote the parallel prose style to be respected:Firstly,it was considered the same source of both the parallel prose and the free prose;Secondly,it weakened the differences of the external language form of both the parallel prose and the free prose,which enabled to weaken their different positions;Third,it emphasized there was no essential difference in the areas of grammar,meaning and usage;Last,both proses had their own usage.As a result,the ideology of integration optimized the parallel prose and enhanced its grade,and made it the same position of the free prose.5)Promote the parallel prose and suppress the free prose.Some literary theorists such as Ruan Yuan advocated that "the parallel prose is noble,and the free prose is humble",which is another form for promoting parallel prose.They argued that parallel prose was "orthodox",and thus pushed it to the unprecedented exclusive high position,and enhanced its taste and status.Above all,in the ideology of the respect for the style of parallel prose,the second and the third aspects are the internal optimization,and the fourth and the fifth aspects are the external developments.Although different levels and angles,both worked together to promoted the position of the parallel prose.During the time of Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Jiaqing,writers created both the parallel prose and the free prose,and both were relative in collections of articles and essays and even their names.All in all,it can be seen that the status of the parallel prose style had been changed from humility to respect.In the history of the development of the parallel prose,the Qing Dynasty is known as the renaissance.Besides the variety of writers,literature works,various sects,the renaissance contained the inherent ideology of respect for the style of parallel prose.This ideology cleared the consciousness of the parallel prose style,and enhanced its grade and position,which is the core of the renaissance of the parallel prose in Qing Dynasty.