A Study On The Acquisition Of Four Groups Of Homomorphic Monosyllabic And Disyllabic Verbs In Modern Chinese

The dissertation presents a contrastive analysis of the syntactic properties of four groups of monosyllabic and disyllabic verb synonyms which involve an identical morpheme,as well as an analysis of how well they are acquired by non-Chinese learners in the process of learning modern Chinese.The syntactic properties of these four groups of synonyms are mainly as follows:In "bian"(?)group,these three words "bian"(?)"gaibian"(??)and"bianhua"(??)share a great deal of common ground.Both of "bian"(?)and"gaibian"(??)can be followed directly by an object,and most cases of "bian"(?)demand the symmetry of the language structures in which the object shows the targets or results,while "gaibian"(??)is not restricted to particular forms,and its object shows the objects.All of these three words lie in the linear sequence of syntactic components of "bian(?)/gaibian(??)/bianhua(??)+CP+O"."Bian"(?)appear most times among the three words,and it can be converted to another structure“bian(?)……wei(?)”."Bian"(?)is likely to go with a adverb with the semantic characteristics of[+negativity],[-continuity],[+degree]."Gaibian"(??)is likely to go with a adverb with the semantic characteristics of[+negativity],[+continuity],[+degree],[+mode]."Bianhua"(??)is likely to go with a adverb with the semantic characteristics of[+continuity],[+mode],[+negativity],[+frequency].The monosyllabic adverb mainly goes with bare-verb "bian(?),while the disyllabic adverb with bare-verb "gaibian"(??)and "bianhua"(??).In "wang"(?)group,the main usages of "wang"(?)and "wanggi"(??)are followed directly by an object.When "wang"(?)is followed a nominal object,"wang"(?)must be followed by "le"(?)as the object is a pronoun.The obligatory degree of tense auxiliary appearance of "le"(?)is strengthened as the number of syllables of the object increases.When "wing"(?)is followed a verbal object,the tense auxiliary appearance of "le"(?)is in high frequency.The modal particle of "le"(?)can appear by itself when the object is monosyllabic or disyllabic verb,while the particle of "le"(?)cannot appear by itself when the object is multi-syllable verb phrase.When "wane"(?)is followed a minor sentence object,the tense auxiliary appearance of "le"(?)is compulsive.When(??)is followed a nominal object,the tense auxiliary of "le"(?)rarely appear as the object is a monosyllabic or disyllabic noun,while the tense auxiliary of "le"(?)is likely to appear as the object is multi-syllable noun phrase.When "wangji"(??)is followed a verbal object,it may be limited by the modal particle of "le"(?)as the object is a monosyllabic verb,while not be limited by the modal particle of "le"(?)as the object is disyllabic or multi-syllable verbal compositions.When "wangji"(??)is followed a minor sentence object,"wangji"(??)is not limited by "le"(?),and the tense auxiliary of "le"(?)rarely appears.In "zhi"(?)group,the mostly common features of "zhi"(?)and "zhidao"(??)can be followed directly by an object.The negative forms of "zhi"(?)followed directly by an object are in the majority in modern Chinese.The affirmative forms of "zhi"(?)can be used only when a monosyllabic noun or adverb of classic Chinese characteristics goes with it.There is no collocation restriction for "zhidao"(??)except "xin"(?),"zi"(?),Both of the two words are likely to go with multi-syllable objects.In "bang"(?)group,the common features of syntactic properties between"bang"(?)and "bangzhu"(??)occupy the highest ratio.The similarities of syntactic properties between "bang"(?)and "bangzhu"(??)are easy cause confusion for non-Chinese learners,especially lie in semantic opposite-complementation of an identically linear sequence of syntactic the components.Semantic direction with the sentence of "bang"(?)tend to express semantics of sentences with serial verbs,while the semantic direction with the sentence of'bangzhu"(??)tend to express semantics of pivotal sentences.The monosyllabic verb "bang"(?)does not go with a monosyllabic noun,while the disyllabic "bangzhu" not with a disyllabic verb.The monosyllabic adverb mainly goes with bare-verb "bang"(?),while the disyllabic adverb with bare-verb "bangzhu"(??),"bangmang"(??)is slightly more likely to go with the disyllabic adverb than(??).The acquisition condition of four groups of synonyms are mainly as follows:The acquisition condition of "bian"(?)group is not very ideal.On the whole,they usage of such expressions shows a tendency of overgeneralization.Moreover,they tend to avoid certain usage of certain verbal expressions.They tend to omit certain usage of "bian"(?)constructions.The less frequent errors are misuse,redundancy,and wrong order.They tend to misuse "gaibian"(??)and "bianhua"(??)constructions.Their use of "gaibian"(??)construction occasionally shows omission or wrong order but they show no redundancy.Omission appears in their use of "bianhua"(??)construction a lot but they seldom show the mistake of redundancy or wrong order.As for misuse,they tend to confuse the collaborations of"bian"(?)construction and sometimes confuse among "bian"(?),"gdibian"(??)or "bianhua"(??)constructions.The acquisition condition of "wang"(?)group is relatively ideal.On the whole,they sometimes overuse such expressions.The most frequent mistakes for the use of"wang"(?)and "wangji"(??)are omission and misuse.They occasionally make the mistake of wrong order in the use of "wang"(?)but they show no mistake of redundancy.However,on the contrary,they only make the mistake of redundancy in the use of "wangji"(??)but they show no mistake of wrong order.As for the mistake of omission,they tend to forget to add "le"(?)after the verb when "wang"(?)or "wangji"(??)collaborate with polysyllabic object or when the object is put before the verb.As for the mistake of misuse,they mainly misuse "wing"(?)for "wangji"(??)but they seldom misuse "wangji"(??)for "wang"(?).The acquisition condition of "zhi"(?)group is relatively ideal.They tend to use"zhidao(??)too much.The error is that they tend to misuse "buzhibujue"(????)for other "zhi"(?)constructions.They also tend to add "le"(?)after"zhidao"(??),confuse "zhidao"(??)and its synonyms or other similar expressions,and omit the expression with indefinite information that should appear in the object in its negative construction.It happens that they misuse "zhi"(?)for"zhidao"(??),but it's not common.The acquisition condition of "bang"(?)group is not very ideal.On the whole,they seldom use "bang"(?)and "bangmang"(??)but use "bangzhu"(??)too much.The errors are mostly misuse with few cases of omission,redundancy and wrong order.In the case of misuse,they tend to confuse "bang"(?)and"bangmang"(??),misuse the verbal elements meant to follow "bangmang"(??)for "bangzhu"(??),or misuse "bangmang"(??)for "bangzhu"(??).Moreover,they sometimes confuse the expressions that usually collaborate with"bangzhu"(??)and misuse the joint form of "bangmang"(??)for its split form.