The Research On The Human Skeletons From The Liangzhu Culture's Tombs Excavated In Jiangzhuang,Xinghua,Jiangsu

The materials for the research are from Jiangzhuang necropolis excavated by Nanjing Museum in 2012.With established methods of human osteoarchaeology,researches on paleodemography,cranial morphology,paleo-ethnology,paleopathology,and estimation of body stature were conducted.The summaries for every chapter are presented below.Chapter 1 IntroductionIn this chapter,there is an introduction of the environment and historical climate.Then,The geographical location and archaeological culture of Jiangzhuang cemetery was presented.Lastly,the research history of the human skeletons in Liangzhu culture was summarized.Chapter 2 The estimation and statistics of sex and ageIn this chapter,the estimation of sex and age and preliminary statistics were made.Chapter 3 Research on cranial morphologyIn this chapter,the cranial morphology was studied and the results revealed that the skulls were representative of the Mongoloid.Chapter 4 The purity test of ethnic typeIn this chapter,in view of the result that the standard deviation of male skull was high,the division of the skulls into different groups depended on burial postures,burial objects and the archaeological strata from which the skulls excavated was made.The data indicated that probably the Jiangzhuang population was mixed by other populations.Chapter 5 Research on the relationship between Jiangzhuang population and other populations in Pre-QinIn this chapter,the comparative analyses between Jiangzhuang population and other populations were made.The human skeletons in the south of China were overviewed.These skeletons could be divided into three types: the people lived in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze river,the people who were close to “ Ancient Central Plain” type,and the people who were close to “Ancient North China” type.Then,the analyzation of human skeletons in the east of China were made.The skeletons in Yangshao culture,Dawenkou culture,Liangzhu culture were close to “Ancien central Plain” type.In case of such condition,there were some differences among the three populations.Metrical traits of skulls in Liangzhu culture were close to some skulls of Bronze Age.Chapter 6 Research on oral diseasesThe statistics and analyzation of oral diseases were conducted,including caries,dental calculus,periapical disease,periodontosis,tooth wear,etc.A preliminary interpretation of oral health in Jiangzhuang residents was made.Chapter 7 Research on trauma and diseases of human skeletonsThe paleopathological conditions found in human skeletons of the sample of Jiangzhuang were diagnosed and analyzed statistically,including trauma,degenerative joint disease,cribra obitalia,porotic hyperostosis,etc.Chapter 8 Estimation of statureIn this chapter,the estimation of the statures of the individuals were made based on the measurements of the max length of the femora.Chapter 9 ConclusionSummarizing the main point of this tesearch,and pointing out the deficiencies.