Managing The Body And Managing The Country:A Study On Shen Yiguan

Shen Yiguan(1537-1615),who styled himself as “Janwu”,and whose given name is “Jiaomen”.His official career lasted over thirty years,he had certain influence on the political situation of the middle and late period of Wanli.Shen Yiguan was born at the social stratum,his grandparent all didn't get an official rank.After achieving the rank of“Jinshi”,he was chosen to be the “Shujishi”,he took office at Imperial Academy,but didn't got into the central power for a long time.At fifteen years of Wanli,he went homecoming,in order to finish his political career,however,counter-productive.After the eighteen years of Wanli,the court made consistent imperial edict to him,but he refused.At twenty-two,he was designated as the savant.Until thirty-four,he had been stayed at cabinet for about thirteen years,it was the longest term as a cabinet minister during the post-Zhang Juzheng period.So as the study of Shen Yiguan,his courtiers experience is the focus of the study.After the liquidation of Zhang Juzheng,Mingshenzong's mind had changed,the relationship with the cabinet ministers was also changed.As the terminal of the political system in Ming Dynasty,the informal operation of Mingshenzong led to a dysfunctional absolute attachment to imperial power,however,it was decided on the times.The two things of the fundamental principles to administrate a country and mining tax can best reflect Shen's "monarchy" meaning.There was no doubt that the contingency of his claim is reflected in two things,and the result was better than forced admonishment.Whereas,the Crown is the most important thing of Shen's contingency of claim.He always at least on the surface-remained in unison with Mingzong and considered for him.That's exactly what the Emperor of Ming really needed,the psychological need to enjoy everything that he decided.In the era of Emperor Wanli,there was the most famous three major signs.Shen had been involved in helping Korea and play a certain role.Meanwhile,limited to himself as a minister,no real power,Shen has only passively responded to the military crisis.Inferring to the situation in late Ming Dynasty,Jurchens was an unavoidable topic.It was generally thought that Nurhacji's risen by the aid of the opportunity ofhelping Korea.And Shen Yiguan,as a power center figure at that time,seemed to have a certain responsibility for it.Today,we look at his memorial to the throne,there was certain focus on the motivation of Jurchens.But the Emperor and ministers didn't realize that Nurhachi would against the Ming Dynasty.Although it has been taken precautions against it,it has not adopted a targeted strategy.Shen is best criticized for his dispute with Guo Zhenyu and others.It is generally believed that he is the leader of the Zhe Party,which opens up the trend of the party contention in the late Ming Dynasty.However,as many documents recorded in Ming,and Qing Dynasties,there were many doubts.In the dispute,Shen is only passively answered,it was the instinctive response to a threat to himself.In fact,the outbreak of the party dispute in the late Ming Dynasty was after Shen sent his official office,in the case of Huai Fu,Wang Yuanhan and Xin Hai Jing investigation,the situation in the imperial court was chaotic.At that time,Shen has been far away from the political center and has not heard of current events.He was the party chieftain with the analysis of officials and historians.Shen's ideological system can be described as all-inclusive,and all three have gained from Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.His thought idea not only contain philosophical ontology,but also has the method of dealing with things,it can be summed up as "managing the body and managing the country".In the era of Emperor Wanli,"heresy" is so popular that many officials have to face the problem and try to keep social ideas at one end.At this stage,the death of the two major religious leaders had something to do with this trend of thought.However,most of the academic circles think that they died in the party dispute,which was used by Shen to attack the Qingliu such as Guo Zhengyu,which seemed inappropriate.Synthesizing all kinds of documents,Shen has a poor reputation among the cabinet ministers of the Ming Dynasty,who is criticized by the critics.By combing the different periods,different groups' comments on Shen Yiguan,and the evolution of his image,we will find that historians tend to base themselves on Shen's later political behavior,thus neglecting other aspects.In view of Shen's description of his own psychology and circumstances,one can see a completely new one.Shen Yiguan's cabinet career can be divided into two stages.The first stage is before thirteen years of Wanli,thereafter to thirty-four years is the second stage.In this two stages,his behaviors were quite different.His change can be explained with the reason of the point of view change and the change of some external factors.Although we noticed that his behavior was different before and after,we focused on the second stage,separating the cabinet Shen Yiguan.What's more,separating the entire Shen Yihuan.It seems inappropriate.