Look At The Male Fertility Subject In Internet Literature From The Perspective Of Gender Culture

This study focuses on the subject of male pregnancy theme in the Internet 1 iterature,and tries to understand its evolution by studying the social consciousnes s,ethics,feminism,literary representation and historical development,and societal influence.This thesis includes the following aspects(as divided into chapters).First,by collecting and collating the male pregnancy literature and looking into i ts history of development,the author has demonstrated a comprehensive picture of the evolution of the subject of male pregnancy in literature.Second,combinin g the theoretical research and the interpretation of the works,the author has perf ormed a multi-angle analysis of the expression of the writing patterns on this su bject in different social models,as well as a classification based on the sociologi cal significance.Third,the author has performed a systematic analysis of the aut hor and the audience first-hand survey and investigation.Fourth,by comparing t he male pregnancy works in Chinese and in foreign languages,the author has in vestigated and discussed the different cultural backgrounds for understanding and accepting the subject of male pregnancy.The thesis is divided into five chapters.Chapter 1 mainly discusses the hist ory of development of the subject of male pregnancy.Part 1 of Section 1 mainl y introduces the male gods in ancient mythology and explores the social and cul tural reasons why the male reproductive worship gradually becomes dominant.Th e female dominance in the primitive society is suggested by a large number of "parthenogenesis" cases found in the mythology.With the development of producti vity,the female privileges in reproduction were also deprived of by males.Part 2 deals with the mythology of metaphorical birth.The male-oriented creation my ths emerged in patriarchal society;and metaphors could be crueler than those of the myths clearly the characteristics of male pregnancy,because males no longe r had to rely on taking over the ability of giving birth to consolidate their status.Section 2 mainly discusses the gap between the era of mythology and era of Internet literature.During the gap the works on male pregnancy were very rare,and the fundamental reason of being ignored is the resistance to patriarchy.Duri ng this period of time the literature had been completely controlled by the patria rchal discourse system.Chapter 2 mainly discusses the writing patterns of the subject of male pregn ancy in Internet literature.Section 1 outlines general characteristics of male preg nancy Internet literature.By discussing the writing pattern of male pregnancy un der female-dominant or neutral social models,as well as the pattern of homosex ual reproduction,Section 2 summarizes the revolutionary understanding of the re production culture by a new generation of females who grew up with the rise of Internet literature and pursue of the true gender equality under the influence of feminism.Section 3 also discusses the new social model ABO and comes to the conclusion that no other model can present a complex relationship between sex,biological gender,and social gender in such a clear and simple way as ABO d oes.Section 3 reveals that females have developed a deeply-rooted sense of pain regarding the experience of giving birth,suggested by the description of the pai n that males suffered from in the same process.Section 4 deals with males in p regnancy and their gender identity.The gender of a pregnant male is given but can be changed.These males "give birth",and thus possess one of the most pro minent physiological characteristics of females.Their existence is influenced by b oth the male-like appearance and their social constructive gender.Section 5 deals with the mismatch between the physiological gender and the social gender in th e subject of male pregnancy.This mismatch is certainly rejected by the patriarch al discourse system.So the creators of "male pregnancy" try to find a "reasonabl e" way for this taboo to show that they are not heretical ones in the society.Th ey use the male authority to build their own social model,but also try to break the influence of patriarchy on their own.By building and cracking taboos,they make paradox tend to be reasonable in the context of literature.Chapter 3 mainly discusses the relationship,composition and self-cognition o f the author and reader of male pregnancy Internet literature.Internet literature is an "interactive" form of art creation.It is completed by the interaction of the a uthors and the readers,and there is no absolutely divided boundary between thes e two groups.These groups,mainly consist of females of the post-'80 and post-'90 generations,show stronger desire of expression but less self-regulation.They are extraordinarily dedicated to gender equality,and their individual demands th at are vaguely expressed in the works have turned into an urgent group desire t o express.On one hand these female writers hope to establish a new model of gender culture on the other hand they still follow the heterosexual norms in the patriarchal context the mind pursuing innovation and the practice following existi ng rules intertwine into a contradiction.Chapter 4 is a comparative study of the cultural differences in various male pregnancy works.In different cultural circles,the the degree of acceptance of t he male pregnancy subject is basically synchronous.The foreign cultural context is relatively more tolerant and allows more freedom for the subject.The categori es of the works are also more varied.Furthermore,the extensions of the subject of male preganancy in other art categories and their differences from Internet lit erature are also worthy of our attention.Chapter 5 draws the overall conclusion.With the development progress in s cience,technology,and society,there has been some breakthrough in asexual rep roduction technologies,therefore male pregnancy is no longer something out of r each.And the Internet literature on male pregnancy will also be more widely ac cepted,as it is the most closely related art form to this subject.