Research On The Issues Of Rights And Welfare In Animal Ethics

Animal ethics is a controversial frontier subject of ethics in today's world,thought of which can be traced back to ancient Greece in BC.When people begin to reflect on the ethical relationship between human and animals,the moral issue of treating animals begins to be included in the academic horizon of research,in particular,the intensification of the ecological environment crisis in modern western countries has sounded the alarm on how to get along with nature.Relationship between human and animals is an important part of the relationship between human and nature,it profoundly reflects and embodies the degree and direction of the development of human civilization.This is the right time for the new discipline of animal ethics,which is based on the urgent need to improve the ethical relationship between human and animals.Although the tide of the movement of animal rights and animal welfare raged in the 20 th century,the academic pace of animal ethics research is slightly lagging behind its movement,one of the most important reasons is the theoretical issues of animal rights and animal welfare that fail to solve the ethical relationship between human and animals well in theory,which also leads to an interesting phenomenon: that is the philosophical circle focuses on the animal's rights or welfare to construct the animal protection theory of academic circles;the jurisprudential circle seeking research of animal legal status with a view to promoting official animal protection systems;The literary circle has planted the seeds of folk animal protection through a large number of animal literature.Although these three fields have different paths to pursue,they are obviously consistent in their efforts to protect animals.This paper points to the issues of rights and welfare in animal ethics,in order to have some innovative exploration,so as to provide a more feasible diagnosis and treatment for animal ethics.The first part of the paper in order to highlight the consciousness of issues,the first chapter makes a detailed literature review of the domestic and international research status of animal ethics.First,we focuses on the foreign research status of animal ethics,according to the common theoretical characteristics,the schools of theory of animal ethics is classified into four categories.Based on the research literature of animal ethics,we summarizes the three development tendency from animal ethics to animal welfare science,from the basic theory to the deep ethical research,and from a single ethical discipline to interdisciplinary research.In addition,we combined with the development tendency of animal ethics think that there are serious inner contradictions in animal rights theory,lack of communication and fusion between animal ethics and animal welfare science,and lack of innovative research results in animal ethics,all of which reveal the shortcomings of research of animal ethics.Secondly,we introduces the research status of animal ethics in China,in view of the immature research on animal ethics in China and the limited literature,it is divided into three stages according to different research characteristics: the first phase is characterized by the recommendation and introduction of western animal ethics be confined to the perspective of ecological environment ethics;the second phase is characterized by the beginning of evaluation and innovation on issues relating to animal rights and animal welfare;the third phase is characterized by the exploration and development of emerging issues focusing on animal ethics.The second part of the thesis goes straight to the issues and debates of animal rights theory,issues and dilemmas in animal welfare theory.In the second chapter,We analyzes the four bases of animal rights theory: intrinsic value,sentience,selfawareness and ecological theology,however,the four theoretical bases are not enough to support the theory of animal rights due to their own defects,which is one of the issues of animal rights theory.There are also inner contradictions between the principle of equality and the type of rights in the animal rights theory,as well as left-right differences in the position of the animal rights theory,the theoretical issues have led to the ideological debates on animal rights,philosophers,jurists and animal welfare scientists have caused a heated debates about the existence,connotation and boundary of animal rights.As can be seen in chapter 3,Animal welfare theory also faces issues,although there is no big problem for the three theoretical bases of sympathetic feeling,health care and meat quality,however,animal welfare theory lacks philosophical basis,disregard for death and refused to rights,these theoretical issues are not easy to solve in the short term.Not only that,animal welfare has also encountered three major plights of moral conflicts,legal obstacles and trade barriers in reality.The third part is a pandect of the paper's attempts to solve the issues of rights and welfare in animal ethics,dedicated to exploring the future of animal ethics.The fourth chapter is rectification of animal rights theory.This needs to overcome the nihilism that human and nature are hostile to each other in the past,and criticizing the moral nihilism in animal ethics,to correct the existing animal rights theory,without going to the mistake of completely denying animal rights,in order to propose a feasible and uncontroversial of the universal basic rights of animals,a balance must be struck between animal rights and animal welfare,we must consider both animal rights and animal welfare.Therefore,animal rights are as basic as possible: the right to be treated well and respected,also known as the animal rights of bottom line.Under this right framework,human beings have a direct obligation to protect animals from willfully harm.The fifth chapter is the exploration and innovation of animal welfare theory.By discovering and exploring the Hume problem of “is-ought” in animal ethics,using the “epoche” method of phenomenology,put forward and argument the utilitarian principle and humane principle of animal ethics,categorical imperative of animal ethics,implementation of categorical imperative of animal ethics in behavior,which is the guiding ideology of “the five freedoms” of the core of animal welfare theory,to construct the philosophical basis of animal welfare theory,thus,it solves the problem of why “ought” of the “the five freedoms” has not been philosophically argued for a long time.The sixth chapter is the research on scientific and technical ethics of animal.The first,research the scientific and technological means in animal welfare: lab-grown meat technique,alternatives to animal experimentation,painless slaughter technique,and human-animal dialogue technology;the second,research artificial intelligence in animal ethics.By means of the argumentation of the ternary ethical relationship of "Human-Artificial Intelligence-Animal" in animal ethics,the basic principles that artificial intelligence must follow are put forward.