The Study On Jiandiping Of Yangshao Culture

Jiandiping was one of the most typical and lasting pottery forms of Yangshao culture which developed in the middle reaches of the Huanghe River.After analyzing the current research,in this paper,a new classification system will be developed in which the sizes and form structures of jiandiping will be taken as the criteria.In this new system,firstly,jiandiping will be divided into large ones and small-medium ones,and each category will be subdivided into subcategories,considering the typology and stratigraphy.After that,jiandiping could be proved to represent independent evolution sequences respectively,due to the fact that all categories of jiandiping had different evolution characteristics.Following that,founded on typology,the evolution process of jiandiping will be divided into three periods and four phases through investigating the coexistence of jiandiping of Yangshao culture in the middle reaches of the Huanghe River.At last,Weishui river basin,with Guanzhong region as its core,is considered the distribution center,and the surrounding areas are all affected by this region.In terms of the function and usage of jiandiping,there has a continuing heated debate on whether it is a water vessel or a wine vessel.In this article,after learning the related discovery of Yangshao culture and reviewing the related references,as well as studying the production technology and usage method,we combined design method and the pottery residue analysis to do a simulation experiment,which suggested that jiandiping was truely wine storage vessels,and the small and medium-ones are additionally used as drinking vessels.In this paper,we investigated the functional significance of cuspate-bottom,narrow mouth and double ears emphatically.The simulation experiment highlighted that the number of segment and the height of each segment could depend on the size of jiandiping.Due to the inconvenient placement of the cuspate-bottom,segmental production started from the abdominal wall.Following that,the cuspate-bottom would be made and bonded together.Then the shoulder-neck part would be made and jointed together.Finally,the spout will be glued.There are various ways to mount the handles.There are at least two recessive characteristics in the separate production of jiandiping.One is the difference in the dry and humidity of separate production,which makes the degree of tightness of the adhesive is not uniform,and easy to breakage in the transport.The function of the two ears of the jiandiping is related to this.Another one is the cuspate-bottom inside wall structure from level off smooth to retain the mud to build the mark,even deliberately press to point to the nest mark evolution which hasn't been noticed before.According to the analysis,the main function of the cuspate-bottom was to precipitate and separate as well as to clarify the alcohol.Then people used the uneven inside wall structure to strengthen the stability of the sediment.The small mouth structure of jiandiping is not suitable for the fermentation,but it is convenient for sealing and opening.The development and evolution of the narrow mouth may be closely related to the change of the sealing method.According to the functional simulation experiments,it could be suggested that the core structure of jiandiping is indeed cuspate-bottom.The advantages of this structure are apparent,especially in stabilizing sediments and less leakage.The different sizes of jiandiping substantially represented a difference in the function and usage characteristics of jiandiping.As the core structure of jiandiping was pointed bottom,its main function was precipitation separation.Once people find a more convenient and effective precipitation separation technology or method,the inconvenient cuspate-bottom would be eliminated soon,and after that,the jiandiping would disappeared into prehistoric civilization.