A Study On Contemporary Human Rights

Human rights are the rights conferred by the social system on individuals and groups.In the process of struggle against the idea of God endowing human rights in Europe,philosophers and political thinkers made a long effort to explore the nature and origin of human rights,and they put forward the concept of universal human rights,which holds that human rights are a kind of natural right and that human rights are equal.The western bourgeoisie concept of human rights provides a theoretical weapon for their winning over basic human rights.Political liberalism in favor of capitalism established the theoretical basis of human rights,and was a great progress in the history of human rights in the world.However,the view of human rights of the Western bourgeoisie stands on its own class standpoint,mainly serves for capitalist class itself,and ignores the rights and interests of the proletariat,and has been therefore strongly criticized by Marxists.Marxists believe that there is no natural right or the right that man is born with,much less rights endowed by God or Heaven.The concept of rights and the rights enjoyed by people in practice and in reality has been achieved gradually in the course of the development of social history and changed along with the further development of society.The so-called universal right is merely the cross-consensus of different groups,nations and cultures,which can be asserted only by examining the basic social,political and moral concepts of each country,so universal rights are a de facto universality rather than a transcendental or a prior universality.Rich and diverse items of human rights are intimately connected with each other,the position of taking some rights as "fundamental " and separated them from "other rights" does not only fall short of the facts in actual social,political enterprises,but also does harm to the protection and promotion of "other rights".Human rights should not only be guaranteed,but also be promoted.Negative conception of human rights puts exclusive emphasis on the protection of those rights by means of political,legal and moral rules.The positive conception of human rights does every effort to promote the realization and development of human rights in addition to their protection.The advance and progress of a social system lies in that individuals and groups enjoy increasingly more rights.Under the guidance of Marxist theory,the Chinese Communists have carried out a long-term theoretical exploration and practical improvement of human rights concerns.On the one hand,they have inherited Marxist concept of human rights;on the other hand,they have developed a Chinese version of Marxist theory of human rights by accommodating Marxism to the cultural tradition and contemporary conditions of China.The leaders of Communist Party of China have developed a theory of human right which is socialist,positive and with Chinese characteristics,and more importantly,putting the theory into great practice,they have carried human search for human rights to a new age.The concept of human rights with Chinese characteristics regards the right to survival and development as the core of human rights,providing a solid theoretical basis for the good life and flourish of the broad masses of Chinese people.The effort of upmost importance to improve the human right conditions in China is the great practice of taking targeted measures in poverty alleviation,and building a community with a shared future.These practices and projects have transformed abstract theory of human rights into concrete practical actions and we will continue to follow the path of developing human rights under socialism with Chinese characteristics and thus provided the world with a novel exemplar of human rights cause.Therefore,the theory and practice of human rights in China up to the new age is the innovative continuation of Marxist theory of human rights and a great step over liberal theory of human rights.