Research On The Historical Logic And Practical Mechanism Of Chinese Political Party System

Since the Opium War,China has begun to passively enter the historical moment of the modern world.On the one hand,the traditional order encountered a general crisis,the imperial system began to disintegrate,and the entire nation was in danger of perishing.On the other hand,China has not changed for thousands of years,and the country and nation have ushered in new hope and weather.In order to solve the general crisis facing imperial China,China started from two paths to explore new forms of order that adapt to the moment of the world,and opened the way for national political transformation.Looking at the path of modern China's political transformation through reforms and revolutions since modern times,it can be seen that behind the huge differences between the two,there is a basic similarity in organizational forms,that is,to achieve their goals through organized political groups.This organized political group has developed into a political party in the modern sense and has become the main driving force for China's political transformation.Party-led modern state construction will lead China to the direction of party state.Therefore,China's modern state shape generally appears as a party state.After the end of imperialism,China really entered the era of modern republic construction,and successively explored and tried roughly two different forms of party system.One is the form of a diffuse party system.For a country with a profound history of imperialism and a unified history of politics,China's political authority,such as the establishment of a basic political order,has led to the establishment of parties,political turmoil and warlord division Chaos.The second is the one-party polarized party system.After learning to imitate the multi-party system without achieving the expected results,the people with lofty ideals represented by Sun Yat-sen turned their attention to the emergence of a new party system.With the help of the Soviet Union,they established a strong revolutionary party and military forces under the leadership of the revolutionary party.Attempt to implement a political system of party,government and army integration.After Sun zhongshan,Jiang jieshi and the Kuomintang under his leadership quickly deteriorated and implemented a one-party dictatorship.The value of the one-party polarized party system is inconsistent with the democratic and republican pursuit of modern politics.It cannot function to accommodate the integration of China's pluralistic political forces.It also has internal contradictions and cannot achieve effective integration,leading to the one-party polarized type.The political system of the party system is low,and the country cannot be effectively constructed.The general crisis in modern China has given rise to the needs of modern state construction,the failure of diffuse multi-party systems and polarized one-party systems,and together constitute the historical background of the Chinese Communist Party's appearance in Chinese history,the comparison of international political forces,and China's actual situation.International status and China's current national conditions have determined that China does not have the modern state construction through the capitalist road.Therefore,the Chinese Communist Party and its political ideas have become the only alternative direction and path for China's modern state construction.The Chinese Communist Party has united and absorbed China's progressive forces through the united front,established a broad and stable revolutionary political alliance,realized effective integration of China's political forces in all aspects,and ended the domestic feudal forces,big bourgeoisie,and foreign countries through the revolution.The rule of the aggression forces established the people's Republic of a socialist nature.The process by which the Communist Party of China led the revolution to establish a modern state has historically and objectively formed a political pattern in which the Communist Party of China is led and multi-party coexist,forming the embryonic form of a socialist party system with Chinese characteristics.Therefore,the generation and appearance of the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics is in response to the historical goal and task of constructing a modern state in China.It continues to explore different organizational forms and approaches to complete the multi-party and one-party systems that have not been completed.The task of construction shows the mutually reinforcing pattern and characteristics of the modern state construction and the generation of a socialist party system with Chinese characteristics.First,the socialist nation-building practice of Marxism introduced into China and the Soviet Union provided China with new ideological resources and a reference model,and it is the theoretical source and model of the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics.Second,China's long-term cultural tradition of harmony,a unified political structure,and an agricultural-based economic structure provided a series of cultural,social,and economic foundations for the formation of a socialist party system with Chinese characteristics.The third is to complete the integration of the state and realize the construction of a modern sovereign state.It is the main political task and historical goal of modern China,and it requires the party system to respond.In the process of completing the construction of a modern state,the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the masses of the people,and multi-party participation in benign interactions continued to adjust,and in practice,a party system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China was formed.After the modern state construction was completed,this party system was finally established and continuously developed and improved in practice,and gradually grew into a new party system.The reason why the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics is a new party system is that from a comparative perspective,the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics is essentially different from other party systems in history,structure,and functions.Through type analysis and structural analysis,the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics presents a multi-integrated aggregate structure,which is represented by the "1 + 8" model of the Communist Party + Democratic Party,with clear internal functional relations,historical continuity,structural stability,and practical effectiveness.Sex.Among them,the Communist Party of China is the ruling party and the democratic parties are participating parties.The political status of the parties is equal.The leadership of the Communist Party of China and the democratic parties' participation in politics are guaranteed by the constitution.The internal structural characteristics of the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics are reflected in the dialectical balance between various value relationships,specifically the dialectical unity of creation and tolerance,the dialectical unity of negotiated democracy and power concentration,and the dialectics of election politics and meritocracy.Unity,dialectical unity of control power and guarantee of effectiveness.After the establishment of the socialist party system with Chinese characteristics,it has become a basic feature of Chinese politics and played an important role in China's state governance,forming a unique political party political form,that is,the party as the leading and participating subject of state governance.At the core of life.Among them,the leadership of the Communist Party of China has become the most essential feature of China's state governance,and China's state governance has demonstrated the theory and practical logic of party-centeredness.China's national governance system is structured with political parties at the center,and party capabilities to a large extent represent state capabilities.The core mechanism and main path of the functioning and functioning of the party system is mainly the embedding of political parties in the country,specifically the ideology,organization,policies and operating principles of political parties are fully embedded in the state's political power and social life.every aspect.The operation of the party system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the process by which the party's mechanism for governing the country functions and functions.The new political party system with Chinese characteristics has achieved tremendous political governance performance in practice,fulfilled the historical mission of the country to stand up and become rich,and is achieving the goal of a strong and comprehensive recovery.Has significant functional advantages.The new political party system with Chinese characteristics is an important institutional carrier for China to maintain national political unity,effectively monitor and restrict power,and practice negotiated democracy.The functional advantages of the party system with Chinese characteristics are mainly reflected in maintaining the political unification of very large countries through a convergent party system structure.The non-competitive support of the party supervision model has initially achieved the supervision of power between parties.The supervision of the ruling party's power,through the political party consultation system,has achieved inclusive and mutually beneficial development-oriented deliberative democratic governance.Under the overall goal of advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities in the new era,it is of great significance to adhere to and improve the socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics as a basic political system.The value norms for the modernization of national governance are the guide for the development of the socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics.Maintaining order,consolidating the republic,realizing the rule of law,and promoting development constitute the basic values of the new era of adhering to and improving the socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics.In the new era,adherence to and improvement of the socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics requires meeting internal and external challenges,meeting practical needs,and supplementing the shortcomings of discourse.In terms of specific path choices,it is mainly to optimize the inherent structure of the political party system with Chinese characteristics,enhance political capabilities,strengthen the implementation of the system,and build an academic discourse system.