Research On The E-government Credit System And Its Construction

With the advent of the global big data era and the clarity of China's "Internet plus" national policy,e-government has played an obvious and irreplaceable role in promoting national economic development,social progress,and helping the government perform its duties.Thanks to the government's unique status,rich resources,and strong competence,as well as the powerful field of the Internet,the application of e-government has extended from the government and its services and regulatory objects to all aspects of the national political,economic and social life,which shows the necessity and importance of regulating its behavior,limiting its power,and monitoring its implementation.Therefore,it is not only necessary to establish and improve relevant laws,regulations,and policies but also need to improve the credibility of the e-government itself.Moreover,it is also important to strengthen the credit system construction of the government,enterprises,institutions,and individuals to create a safe and reliable environment for "Internet + all walks of life" and "Internet +administration".As one of the obstacles that need to be overcome in the construction of e-government,the meaning of e-government credit can be understood from different aspects and can be interpreted from several levels.First,understand e-government credit from the aspects of technology,organization,and relationships.E-government credit is a collection of various credits,such as credit of information technology and its products,credit of network and other information infrastructure,government credit and credit of its internal and external relations.Secondly,it can be interpreted from the aspects of ethics,economics,law,and ergonomics.From the perspective of ethics,e-government credit requires the government and its departments to perform their duties on their internal network,external network and the Internet by being "honest,not false,keeping promises,consistent in words and deeds",which involves morality,professionalism,work attitude,and work ability.It is a kind of moral code and performance behavior of the government in dealing with internal and external relations.From the economic perspective,e-government credit refers to the fact that the government keeps its promise in the performance of its duties,establishes a trust relationship with the public in the process of providing social management and public services,and satisfies the public with lower cost and higher quality.From the legal level,e-government credit has two meanings.One is the relationship between the parties working in the e-government,dealing with the e-government,and enjoying e-government services.Second,it refers to the rights and obligations of each party under the "contract".Therefore,the e-government credit should require the e-government to have a subjective attitude of integrity,goodwill,and no fraud,without objective facts in disguise,and respecting the interests of others that should be protected.Based on the above viewpoints,this paper indicates that E-government credit is the public's feedback or evaluation of the integrity of e-government.From the ergonomics level,e-government credit includes the credit of technology,network and facilities,the credit of the e-government system,and the credit of government itself.The carrier of credit relationship mentioned above and the participants of credit activities exist governments,other public organizations,social organizations,and private organizations.These organizations are relatively independent subjects of economic and legal relations and have their respective corresponding rights and obligations.Under the condition of the market economy,it has the general attributes and basic characteristics of "interests seeker" who pursue interests."A large number of dishonest behaviors indicate that the existing system must be flawed so that interests seeker find it profitable to choose opportunistic dishonest behaviors".The credit relationship formed by the interaction of many information actors involved in e-government credit inevitably makes e-government credit suffer from government credit,corporate credit,and personal credit,which currently lack institutional construction and regulatory constraints.Especially under the circumstance that the e-government must rely on information technology and its products,as well as the network and other information infrastructure,China's severe dependence on foreign countries in terms of information technology and its core products will undoubtedly make the situation of e-government credit guarantee even severe.Considering the quantification and operability of e-government credit,following the principles of certainty,mutuality,and disorder of the set,based on the information perspective,the elements in the e-government credit set can be classified as information-based credit,information platform credit,information system credit,information credit,and information user credit.These five constituent elements can be used as the basic elements of the e-government credit composition model,or they can be classified into technical elements and management elements based on technical and management parameters.Among them,technical elements include hardware environment basic credit,information platform credit,and information system credit.The elements of management include the basic credit of government administration ecological environment,information credit,and information user credit.For the five basic elements,information user credit is the most important factor.In the era of big data,the government can obtain a large number of credit records about itself,othergovernments and their departments,enterprises,and the public.However,these records are not objective and mixed with subjective factors,which require the government to explore,identify and use in the management and decision-making process.How to determine data credit and ensure the fairness and justice of management and decision-making based on this is the responsibility of the government,but it depends on the government's ability.Therefore,the government has to rely on other organizations to establish good cooperative relations with businesses and the public.Although the public is not a direct builder or operator of the information base,information platform,and information system,it has become an indispensable credit subject because of its extensively and frequently use of information base,information platform,and information system.This article deconstructs the management-type credit part of the e-government credit into the administrative ecological environment basic credit,the information user credit and the information credit.And based on “eco-environmental basic credit:fundamental elements of the e-government credit system","information user credit: key elements of the e-government credit system","information credit: core elements of the e-government credit system",and "technical credit" "the supporting elements of the e-government credit system",this paper constitutes the overall framework of the e-government credit system.Finally,this article analyzes the practical difficulties in the construction of the e-government credit system and puts forward the application strategies for the construction of the e-government credit system,including establishing unified standards and norms to ensure the creditability of the construction,operation,maintenance and use of each element;establishing systematic laws and policies to promote the legalization of them;establishing a strict management system to ensure the institutionalization of them;creating a universal sharing system to maximize them.In addition,based on a full investigation of government agencies and business units,such as Jilin Provincial Credit Information Service Center,Jilin Provincial Government Service and Digital Construction Administration,Jilin Provincial Credit Evaluation Center,and Xiangyun Technology Company,which is responsible for building the Jilin provincial credit information platform,this paper uses the Jilin Provincial Government Portal as the credit data source to verify the basic composition of the e-government credit system,the difficulties in its practical construction,and the feasibility of the strategies.Its innovations lie in the following: firstly,from the perspective of literature research,even to the present day,treatises that explored the e-government credit system were yet to be found in document research and achievements in China.Also,not many scholars have systematically researched this area.Despite some results were achieved,the concepts they proposed were complicated and defined without taking the characteristics of e-government into account,which seemingly missed the point.Most scholars focused on the connotation and denotation of government credit from the perspective of “government credit” or “government public trust.” However,few of them have “digitally” and quantitatively analyzed the logic connotation of the e-government credit system.Therefore,my research paper elaborated on the definition of the e-government credit from different angles,and outlined its constituent elements,thus tentatively solving the problems of conceptual fuzziness and quantitative difficulty on e-government credit and illustrating the core idea of the e-government credit.Secondly,this paper extracted five elements constituting the e-government credit:information-based credit,information platform credit,information system credit,information credit,and information user credit..Besides,the paper resolved the e-government credit into credits of the e-government software and hardware environment,platforms,systems,information,and people.Correspondingly,in respect of parts,structures,relations,procedures,authority,and results of the elements,the paper also stated that building the system must be a complex social system project concerning multi-level and full-process feedback or evaluation of the public over the implementation of honesty behaviors of all pertinent credit entities.Therefore,the e-government credit system is required to have the combined characteristics of platforms and extensibility,ecology and partnership,innovation and revolution,publicity and politics.These researches were done in the hope of providing a specific research way and technical roadmap for constructing the e-government credit system.Thirdly,this article logically designs the basic logical procedure from the administrative ecological environment view,which based on the path of “ target positioning—top-level design—guarantee mechanism—operation mode”.It creatively proposes the basic style of the administrative ecological environment credit,and highlights the goals to fill the gap between strategic goals and specific patterns.The basic logical procedure is the design process from macro to concrete.Through the prescriptive,it can effectively ensure the association,matching and connection between the overall goal positioning and the realization of specific tasks,and then provide a prerequisite for the construction of other elements of the e-government credit system.It should be considered that the credit is hard to establish and easy to reduce,and the problem of any one of elements of the credit system can cause a reduction,damage or even loss of the e-government credit,which might affect the healthy development of electronic government and deep popularization.To ensure the e-government credit will not be damaged or destroyed by any issues,in addition to using the four dimensions in this paper to construct electronic government credit system thoroughly and more deeply,the application must also ensure that all users and organizations using electronic government function and services can experience the trustworthy execution of e-government actions and share economic and social benefits from e-government and its credit.Therefore,through the cooperation with all kinds of organizations,the government should continue to perfect the electronic government credit system-make it gradually systematic and complete,at the same time,promote the good faith propaganda education,normalization of credit motivation and punishment of breaching promises,and strengthen individual and even the whole society credit management and credit information system construction are also very important.It can be seen that the e-government credit system is the right way to guide the establishment and improvement of the personal credit system and social credit system.Only when everybody and all organizations talk about credit can the foundation of a trustworthy society and the image of a trustworthy country be established.