Study Of The Quality Control Of Seal Identification

As a traditional judicial identification project,seal identification has always played an important role in cracking down on illegal crimes and safeguarding the interests of the people.In recent years,with the continuous development of science and technology,the technology of forging seals has become more sophisticated,and social activities and economic exchanges between people have become more frequent.Therefore,the number of cases involving seal identification has risen rapidly.In judicial practice,the appraisers test the suspicious seals,analyze their formation methods,and determine whether they are stamped with the same seal,thus providing evidence for court proceedings and providing evidence for the facts of the case.As one of the important components of document inspection and identification,seal identification has always been the focus of judicial appraisers.For a long time,many appraisers,experts and scholars have carried out targeted research on seal identification and achieved fruitful results.However,as far as the judicial practice is concerned,the correct rate of seal identification is not 100%.There is a lack of systematic research on the quality control of seal identification,and the quality control system has not yet been established.As the examination of evidence in litigation becomes more and more strict,the standards for the acceptance of evidence are more and more standardized,so the quality requirements for seal identification are higher and higher.Therefore,it is particularly necessary to carry out research on the quality control of seal identification.Based on this,this paper has carried out a series of researches related to the quality control of seal identification.The main contents are six chapters.This paper mainly includes introduction;the development and existing problems of seal identification;the characteristics and value orientation of quality control of seal identification;the analysis and evaluation of quality factors affecting seal identification;the content of quality control of seal identification;the construction and application of quality control system for seal identification.This paper can be divided into four parts: the first part is the research purpose and meaning,including the introduction;the second part is the research status quo,including chapter 1;the third part is the research theoretical basis,including chapter 2;the fourth part is the research The main content,including chapter 3,chapter 4and chapter 5.There are three main innovations in this paper:(1)The factors affecting the quality of seal identification are analyzed systematically Through the three aspects of identification subject,identification object,identification procedure and method,the accurate definition and detailed explanation of various influencing factors have been completed.Through the method of evaluation and analysis,the photocopying factors are respectively defined as the microscopic layer,the basic layer and the key layer,and the structural framework of the influencing factors is formed.This work laid the foundation for the quality control of identification.(2)The contents of the identification quality control stamp has been elaborated.This paper expounds the monitoring of the main body of seal identification,the monitoring of seal identification materials,the monitoring of the implementation process of seal identification,the monitoring of seal identification judgment standards,the monitoring of seal identification documents and the quality monitoring of appraisers testifying in court.This work has found the focal point for monitoring agencies and people to carry out monitoring activities.(3)The quality control and evaluation system of seal identification is constructed.By designing and constructing four subsystems of seal identification material management system,seal identification process management system,seal identification data statistics and analysis system,seal identification quality evaluation and feedback system,a platform for the implementation of seal identification quality control has been built.The introduction part discusses the research background and value of the quality control of seal identification,and puts forward the research method and basic framework of this paper.In China's judicial practice,there are a large number of cases of seal authentication and it has always been a hot issue in the field of document authentication.However,due to the fact that researchers pay more attention to technical methods and the complicated factors affecting the authentication quality,the authentication quality needs to be improved and the research on quality control needs to be strengthened.Through the use of literature review method,empirical investigation method,experimental exploration method,comparative reference method and other research methods,with the help of law,technology,management and other professional knowledge,this paper studies the theoretical basis and technical methods of quality control of seal identification.It can enrich its theoretical basis,enhance the ability of seal identification to solve specialized problems,guarantee the evidence value of seal identification opinion,and help realize the goal of social equity and justice.Chapter 1 summarizes the development process of seal identification and the difficulties in seal identification at present,which provides information for carrying out quality control of seal identification.This chapter starts with the development origin of seal,briefly describes the development and use of seal in different historical periods and different regions at home and abroad,and introduces the change of seal name in different periods.Then it describes the principle and characteristics of the seals made by the three main processes of carving,forming and photosensitive technology,and classifies the seals according to different standards.Then,the development process of seal identification is described from three aspects of typical cases,identification theory and main identification methods in ancient and modern time dimensions.Finally,on the basis of summarizing the difficulties faced by seal identification in forging technology,scientific attributes,new technology methods and standardization construction,the paper puts forward the development direction of combining qualitative and quantitative methods,relying on high and new technology,integrating with information security technology,building standardization system with the help of artificial intelligence technology.Chapter 2 mainly discusses the theoretical basis of the quality control of seal identification,and defines the value orientation of the monitoring work,so as to provide a basis for the effective research on the quality control of seal identification.This chapter mainly includes three sections.The first section makes an in-depth interpretation of the quality of judicial expertise.According to the identification process,identification object,supervisory measure and supervisory way,the quality of judicial identification is classified.This paper summarizes the research achievements on the quality control of judicial expertise at home and abroad,and understands the frontier and key points of the current research on the quality control of judicial expertise.In the second section,three characteristics of the quality control of seal identification are summarized as dynamic,changeable and persistent.It is pointed out that the functions of the quality control mechanism and measures of seal identification can be divided into five aspects: early warning function,inspection function,supervision function,feedback function and guidance function.And the value of quality control of seal seal identification is expounded.Accuracy and efficiency are primary value orientation,while fairness and justice are high value orientation.In the third section,on the basis of discussing the relationship between the quality of judicial expertise and the public trust of judicial expertise,the paper summarizes the forms of the dilemma of judicial expertise,including the parties' questioning of the public trust of judicial expertise,the judges' questioning of the public trust of judicial expertise and the society's questioning of the public trust of judicial expertise.The predicament of judicial expertise credibility is harmful to social stability and order,legal authority,the construction of social credibility system and the development of judicial expertise.This paper puts forward the relevant judicial identification method,and improve the unified judicial appraisal management system,strengthening judicial authentication standardization construction,completes the judicial appraiser of access,exit,and training education work,construct the judicial appraisal system of accountability for,to do a good job of judicial authentication of publicity,giving play to the role of "intelligent auxiliary expert witnesses" and other mitigation measures.Chapter 3 analyzes the main factors,procedure and method factors and object factors that affect the quality of seal identification.Then,all kinds of influencing factors are evaluated,which lays a foundation for the identification of seal quality and clarifies the key points of identification quality control.On the basis of discussing the essence of the certainty and uncertainty of seal identification,this chapter expounds the principle of the factors that affect the quality of seal identification,and classifies the factors according to the types and sources of the factors.The first part analyzes the influence factors of the seal identification subject,which can be divided into the influence factors of the identification organization and the influence factors of the appraiser.The factors influencing the identification institution include the nature,source of funds,grade and scale of the identification institution.The influence factors of appraiser include cognitive ability,psychological expectation,subjective experience,moral level and knowledge background.The second part analyzes the influence factors of seal identification procedure and method,including the influence of identification material,identification technology and method,identification procedure and identification document.The impact of identification materials includes inspection materials,samples,collection and storage of identification materials.The influence of identification technology and method includes identification technology and identification method.The impact of the identification process includes the analysis stage,the comparison stage,the comprehensive evaluation stage and the verification stage.The influence of identification documents includes the form and content of identification documents.The third part analyzes the influence factors of seal identification object,including the influence of seal color,external environment,seal pressure and substrate.The fourth part evaluates the influencing factors.By means of targeted questionnaire and expert evaluation,23 influencing factors were analyzed,and according to the survey results,the influencing factors were divided into microscopic layer,basic layer and key layer according to the size of influence,which provided a basis for stratified monitoring of influencing factors.Chapter 4 expounds the content of quality control of seal identification,and provides the content for the construction of quality control system of seal identification.The quality control of seal identification is a complicated mechanism with arduous tasks and numerous contents,which is determined by its complexity,open circulation,dynamics and continuous perfection.n this chapter,in order to clarify the main content of monitoring more clearly and facilitate the monitoring implementation party to more accurately control the key points of monitoring,the main content of the seal identification quality monitoring includes six parts.In this chapter,in order to clarify the main content of monitoring more clearly and facilitate the monitoring implementation party to more accurately control the key points of monitoring,the main content of the seal identification quality monitoring includes six parts.The first part is the main content of the seal identification subject monitoring,including the seal identification organization monitoring and seal identification person monitoring.The second part is the main content of the seal identification material monitoring,including the legality,reliability,adequacy and comparability of the material.The third part is the main content of monitoring the process of seal identification,including the form of seal appraiser,the monitoring of seal identification method and the monitoring of seal identification inspection record.The fourth part is the main content of monitoring seal identification judgment standard,including the reliability of seal identification judgment standard,the stability of seal identification judgment standard,and the accuracy of seal identification comprehensive judgment.The fifth part is the main content of the monitoring of seal identification documents,including the form of seal identification documents,the monitoring of seal identification documents and the review of seal identification documents.The sixth part is the quality control of expert witness in court.In chapter 5,based on the research results in the previous chapter,the quality control system of seal identification is constructed and tried to be applied in order to test the theoretical knowledge and comprehensively investigate the usability and applicability of the monitoring system.This chapter first sorts out and compares the regulations and technical specifications of seals and seals at home and abroad.In terms of laws and regulations,the current use and management of seals in China include related criminal acts clearly stipulated in the Criminal Law,as well as a number of draft regulations on public security management related to seals.In terms of technical specifications,the domestic mainly introduces the national standard(GB),public safety industry standard(GA),and relevant technical specifications of seals and seals issued by authoritative technical organizations,and compares them in detail.SWGDOC technical standards and ASTM technical guidelines are mainly introduced abroad.It can be found that there are some differences between the two in terms of units,contents,revision rules and regulations of appraisers.Then combined with the content and characteristics of seal identification,this paper summarizes the principles of quality control of seal identification as the objective principle of fairness and justice,the principle of full participation,the principle of continuous improvement and the principle of fact-based decision-making.Then,a quality monitoring and evaluation system for printed documents was constructed.As a systematic project,the system designed the seal identification material management system,seal identification process management system,seal identification data statistics and analysis system,seal identification quality evaluation and feedback system.Each subsystem contains several modules to achieve a comprehensive monitoring and objective evaluation of the quality of the seal identification.At the same time,it is pointed out that organizational,institutional,technical and other guarantees should be carried out to ensure the quality control of seal identification.Finally,G judicial appraisal center is taken as an example,and a typical case test is adopted to carry out the quality control of seal appraisal,test the monitoring and evaluation system,and achieve good results.