The Effect Of Distractor On The Target Processing Of Athletes In The Context Of Sustained Attention

For athletes,sustained attention is the core factor to make effective cognitive processing and decision-making,and maintain good performance.At the same time,the athletes must also suppress the interference of distraction on target processing,and the target processing of athletes mostly depends on cue information.We takes sustained attention as the background.First,we explored the impact of distraction on the target processing of athletes,and the information processing advantages of the athletes.Second,we discussed the impact of cue on sustained attention decrements and the cue use advantage of athletes.Finally,we explored the effect of distraction on athletes' "cue-target" processing.The pre-study used a mixed experimental design of 6(task stage: task stage 1-6)*2(exercise level: normal college students,athletes),there were 22 participants in each group of general college students and athletes.The pre-study tested validity of modified x continuous performance task(X-CPT).The results showed that the modified X-CPT can effectively induce sustained attention decrements.In study 1,we applied expert-novice paradigm,through the sustained attention task of 3 different cue conditions/working memory loads,examined the influence of distraction on the target processing of athletes,explored the specificity of athletes in sustained attention processing,and effect of the cue reminding in target processing,especially cue utilization advantage,to provide empirical evidence for further research on the distraction affecting the "cue-target" process.In 1a,1b,and 1c,there were 36 participants(18 general college students and 18 athletes)? 45 participants(23 general college students and 22 athletes)and 45 participants(22 general college students and 23 athletes),we selected 10% X-CPT(low target probability-low working memory load / non-cue continuous performance task),10% AX-CPT(low target probability-high working memory load / cue continuous performance task)and 70% AX-CPT(high target probability-high working memory load / cue continuous performance task),using 2(distraction: no,yes)* 6(task stage: task stage 1-6)*2(exercise level: normal college students,athletes)three-factor mixed experimental design,to explore the impact of distraction stimulation on the target processing of athletes.The results showed that in 10%X-CPT,the target processing time of the athletes was an ‘inverted U-shaped' relationship with the task stage.In 70% AX-CPT,distraction significantly affect the target processing time of the general college student group and the athlete group,but it does not affect the target discrimination ability of the athlete,and,for the athlete,there is no distracting stimulus target.The longer the processing time,the higher the false rate.In the sustained attention task with cues(1b,1c),the target processing time of the general college student group and the athlete group only significantly prolonged in the second stage.In research 2,we explored the advantages of cues for athletes and explores the influence of distraction stimuli on the processing of ‘cue-target'.There were 21 participants in study 2a,we used 2(distraction stimuli: no,yes)*6(mission phase: task phase 1-6)experimental design within the two-factor group to explore the distractions between the ‘cue-target' stimulus for target processing.Influencing,it was found that distraction stimulation shortened the processing time of the follow-up target for the athlete,and further examined the findings of the study 1,clues can improve the continuous attention to decline.There were 21 participants in study 2b,we used 2(distraction stimuli: no,yes)*3(time interval: 200 ms,400ms,600ms)experimental design within the two-factor group to investigate whether the time interval is a regulated variable that promotes target processing time by the distraction stimuli.No adjustment of the interval was found.Distraction stimulation significantly shortened the target processing time of the athlete and significantly increased the target missed rate.There were 15 participants in study 2c,we used single factor(distraction stimulation: no,yes)intra-group experimental design,mainly at the ERP level,continue to explore the causes of distraction stimulation affecting the target processing of athletes,and found that distraction stimulation induced the P3 wave of the parietal lobe of athletes.Significantly increased N2 volatility.The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of target processing in the process of attention maintenance and the effect of distraction on target processing of athletes.The following conclusions are drawn: 1.Compared with ordinary people,the attention advantage of athletes varies according to the cognitive load of tasks.Under the condition of low cognitive load,athletes could not show attention advantage.Only under the condition of cognitive load,athletes could athletes show attention advantage.2.The continuous state of readiness reaction will lead to the decrease of individual attention performance,but in the tasks requiring high and continuous readiness response,the attention performance of athletes decreased in the beginning and then recovered.This suggests that athletes have a more efficient attention resource recovery system.In addition,the information appearing in the task can delay the sustained attention decrement of athletes and non-athletes.3.When the athletes make use of cues to the target processing in the subsequent task,the interference information would improve preparing reaction state of athletes,accelerates the subsequent target processing speed,but at the same time it would destroy the recognition of subsequent target of athletes,reducing the effective response of athletes.4.In Study 1,we analyzed characteristics of experimental paradigm,using the high load-cues continuous performance task(AX-CPT),to examine the reason for decline in performance over time of athletes,and at the same time explore the influence of the task load,the cue information on target processing of athletes.In study 2,we further extract key link ‘AX' independence from the old paradigm in study(AX-CPT),exploring impact of distraction on "clues-goals"(A-X)process of athletes.Under the background of sustained attention,the experimental paradigm of examining specific task processing characteristics of athletes could reflect the attention characteristics and attention advantages of athletes better.