| Purpose: This study aims to analysis the muscle force characteristics of snatch and the clean and jerk and analysis it's special exercises' s effectiveness from the viewpoint of myoelectricity that provided the basis for the special training of weightlifting athletes and provide theoretical reference for the weightlifting coach to choose the best special method.Methods and Results: It use the JVC camera and Meg ME6000 16 channel electromyography telemeter synchronized to collect the snatch and the clean and jerk electromyographic data,by analyzing the EMG data,we can see that the activation time of each muscle has a clear sequence from the whole movement,and it shows the characteristics of synchronized force from each stage of the movement.The degree of participation and activation intensity of each muscle are different and it in accordance with the characteristics of the action structure of snatch and the clean and jerk.Through field observation,expert interview and expert questionnaire to select the training method that closely related to the special technology,from the viewpoint of myoelectricity analyze the degree of special exercises and it's effectiveness,through comparison it was found that the main work muscles and the muscles with higher activation intensity in the special exercises were consistent with the special technology and the training stimuli obtained by the measured muscle groups in the special exercises can meet the special technology requirements to some extent.Conclusions:1.The electromyographic characteristics of each muscle in the snatch reflected that the force of the lower extremity muscles was earlier than that of the upper extremity muscle group,in which the quadriceps muscles of both sides began to exert force first;The erector spine muscles in the trunk muscles take a long time to exert,and the pectoralis major and rectus abdominis less involvement in completing snatch.2.The electromyographic characteristics of the jerk and tumbling movements are similar to the snatch and the difference is that the triceps muscle is always in a relaxed state.The electromyographic characteristics of the jerk show that the force of the frontal support leg is longer than that of the posterior support leg,and the force of the bilateral lower extremity muscle groups is different;The exertion of the upper limb muscles during the support phase clearly reflects the important role of the upper limb muscles in pushing up the barbell and supporting the fixed barbell;The erector spine and rectus abdominis muscles in the trunk muscles exert force significantly and exert longer time than the latissimus dorsi,pectoralis major muscle less involvement in completing the jerk.3.power snatch,snatch high pull(wide),dead lift(wide),power jerk,snatch high pull(narrow),dead lift(narrow),front squat,back squat,jerk from the rack and power clean are higher-level related to snatch and the clean and jerk,the main muscles in the corresponding movement phase and the muscles with higher activation intensity are in line with the special technology and have very high specificity.4.EMG reflects muscle activity inside,according to whether the training stimuli obtained in the special exercises of each muscle can meet the requirements of the special technology,it further explains that power snatch,power jerk,snatch high pull(wide),snatch high pull(narrow)have good training effect on the development of pull-up force;The role of front squat,back squat is to develop quadriceps strength in the lower extremities;jerk from the rack is very positive for the development and improvement of special technologies and special forces;The training stimulation of the upper extremity muscle group by power clean is obviously,it is a good training method for the development of upper limb strength;Wide dead lift and narrow dead lift need to increase the load intensity of the exercise to allow the muscle group to obtain deeper training stimuli for better training results. |
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