| Since China's reform and opening up,China's economic growth has made remarkable achievements;At the same time,China's anti-poverty has also achieved very fruitful results.The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015 pointed out that China was the most poverty reduction's country in the world,was also the world's first to complete the United Nations Millennium Development Goals,had contributed more than 70%of global poverty reduction,and made great contribution to the global poverty reduction.China's massive poverty reduction,mainly concentrated in the rural areas.China's rural poverty population reduced from 250 million in 1978 to 55.75 million in 2015;Poverty rate also fell from 31%in 1978 to 5.7%in 2015.But,unlike rural poverty population has fallen dramatically,with the deepening of the reform and opening up,especially since the 1990s,urban poverty problem in China started growing.If we use the"lowest life to ensure,to measure the urban poor,China's urban poverty population had increased from 849000 in 1996 to 13.82 million in 2015.The poor can directly affects the possibility of people survive,cause the ignominy of the interpersonal relationships and lose hope for the future.In addition,the poor will slow economic growth,also not conducive to social stability.Therefore,Poverty is still major issues of the concern of academics and policy makers in China.The fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed that we should adhere to the shared development,make all the people more acquisition in the development of co-construction and co-sharing,implement poverty alleviation project,implement precision poverty alleviation,and support the poor families differently.The 13th Five-Year Plan clearly put forward further,by 2020,we should make rural poverty population out of poverty under the current standards,remove all poor counties cap,and solve the regional poverty as a whole in China.The international financial crisis which evoluted from the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis had a huge impact on the world economy,and also had a negative effect on China's macro economy.Like the previous financial crisis,the international financial crisis has been paid more attention by economists,policymaker and the public.On the consequences of the international financial crisis,most scholars focus their attention on the heavy blow to the country's economic growth and study the cumulative output loss.Under the adverse impact on the overall economy,there is a significant difference among the impact of different income groups,especially fierce shock to the poor form the international financial crisis.However,on this important issue of the impact of the international financial crisis on China's poverty,the research of domestic scholars are very limited,the more lack of systematic quantitative research.Except for China's overall economic and social development,the international financial crisis have a serious influence on China's poverty areas and the poor,and have brought a great challenge to the poverty alleviation in the new period.So,during the background of the negative impact on overall economic growth,what were the channels through which the international financial crisis had an impact on China's poverty,as well as what kind of impact and its degree?Secondly,in order to resist the negative impact of financial crisis,the Chinese government carried out 4 trillion investment fiscal policy,loose monetary policy,the industrial revitalization and adjustment plan,employment policy and people's livelihood policies,but whether or not would these policies affect the poor and reduce poverty?Finally,to eliminate the internal and external similar financial crisis impact on potential and long-term negative impact on the poor,and to enhance the ability of the poor to resist the internal and external impact,what policies and measures we should take?Based on the above three aspects study,this dissertation is aimed at the theory,empirical and policy research of international financial crisis and the policy response to the impact of China's poverty,and puts forward a new way of thinking and reference for Chinese government coordinated macroeconomic strategy and policy to cope with the international financial crisis(or similar internal and external shock)and to reduce poverty.This dissertation is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.Firstly,this dissertation explains mainly the research background,academic value and practical significance.Secondly,this dissertation reviews systematically the research literature of domestic and foreign scholars,and makes a brief review;Finally,this dissertation defines the research's time range,and puts forward the research ideas,the main contents and methods,the main viewpoint and innovation.The second chapter reviews the basic theories of financial crisis and poverty.The theories of the financial crisis,involves mainly the generating mechanism and transmission mechanism of financial crisis;The theories of the poverty includes mainly the measurement of poverty,poverty generation and anti-poverty policies.This dissertation systematically reviews the basic theories of financial crisis and poverty,and lays a theoretical foundation for the mechanism,empirical and policy research.The third chapter analyzes the international financial crisis and its influence channels to the poverty in China.Based on the analysis of the evolution and attribution of the international financial crisis,the dissertation mainly focuses the channels of the international financial crisis influence to the poverty in China,including economic growth channels,employment and wage channels,international trade and capital flow channels,price adjustment channels,the government public expenditure channels and social environment channels.The fourth chapter examines empirically the effect of international financial crisis for China's poverty reduction and the poverty groups.First of all,with economic growth as the channel,empirical estimation about the impact of international financial crisis on the poor income in China is divided into three steps:the first step,according to the national income accounting methods,the impact and influence of economic growth in China of the international financial crisis is calculated;The second step,using provincial panel data to study empirically the long-run equilibrium relationship between economic growth and the income of urban poor in China;The third step,based on the results of the first and second step,the income of the poor in China is estimated by the impact of the international financial crisis.Secondly,from the point of view of employment and consumption,the dissertation researches empirically the adverse effects of the financial crisis on the poverty groups in China.On the one hand,the dissertation analyzes the impact of the international financial crisis on the employment of the poor in China from the two aspects of migrant worker and urban residents;On the other hand,the dissertation discusses the impact of the international financial crisis on China's poor consumption expenditure.The fifth chapter discusses China's policies to cope with the international financial crisis and its effect of poverty reduction.The policies involves fiscal policy,monetary policy,industrial policy,employment policy and people's livelihood policy.In fiscal policy,the dissertation focus on the analysis of the poverty reduction achievements of"four trillion" government investment project.In monetary policy,the dissertation calculates and analyzes the effects of poverty reduction respectively from the credit scale expansion and the credit structure adjustment.In industrial policy,to combat the international financial crisis,China has launched top ten industrial revitalization planning,the dissertation analyzes the short-term and long-term effects on poverty alleviation in China of industrial policy through the channels of employment,the industrial transfer and so on.Employment and people's livelihood policies has played a positive role respectively in the protection of rural migrant workers employment and other difficult personnel employment,and to solve the food and clothing problem,pension issues,medical problems of China's poverty population.The sixth chapter is the conclusion and policy implications.On the basis of the research conclusion,the dissertation puts forward Chinese government coordinated macroeconomic strategy and policy to cope with the international financial crisis(or similar internal and external shock)and to reduce poverty.In the short term,combine with steady growth and poverty reduction,the policy suggestions include increasing the investment in the poverty areas,improving the poor employment,and strengthening the poor and low-income groups assistance.In the long-term,adhere to the development of people-oriented and reform and innovation model,the policy suggestions include optimizing the allocation of public resources,guiding reasonable capital allocation and flow,increasing special intervention for the urban and rural poverty alleviation,improving the social security and relief system,and accelerating transformation of economic development mode. |
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