Study On The Economic Effects Of Standardization In China's Circulation(Distribution) Industry

In the new era of accelerated process of economic globalization,rapid technological progress and increasingly fierce international economic competition,China's circulation(distribution)industry has entered a critical period of comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development,and it has become an urgent task to further improve the commodity circulation(distribution)system under the condition of socialist market economy and construct a modern commodity circulation(distribution)system.In today's world,as a result of the progress of human civilization,standards have become the basic technological elements of the core competitiveness of a country,industry and enterprise,as well as becoming the technical rules generally adhered to in human economic activities and social life.Standardization,as a kind of technology system,is the technical guarantee and support to manage and standardize the national economy and social development;it is the essential composition to promote the national modernization construction and the basic system of the national governance system and the modernization of governance ability.The level of standardization reflects the strength of a country's core competitiveness and even comprehensive strength,and its role in facilitating economic and trade exchanges,supporting industrial development,promoting technological progress,and standardizing social governance is becoming increasingly prominent.If the circulation(distribution)industry is the fundamental,leading and strategic industry of the national economy,then standardization is the basic support,technical guidance and strategic basis for the development of the circulation(distribution)industry,and it is an important "soft power" strategic means to realize the "hard power" strategic goal of the transformation from the circulation(distribution)giant to the circulation(distribution)dominance.At present,although some experts and scholars have made a comprehensive discussion on the necessity and importance of the standardization of circulation(distribution)industry from the angle of management,it is relatively rare to study the influence of standardization on the development of circulation(distribution)industry from economic perspective.Therefore,it is imminently necessary to strengthen the research on the economic effect of the standardization of circulation(distribution)industry,especially under the two background of"economic globalization pushing standards to the forefront of international commodity circulation(distribution)market competition" and "the new era of circulation(distribution)industry development in China,the strategic demand for standardization put forward",it is of great theoretical and practical significance to systematically study the economic impact of standardization on the development of circulation(distribution)industry in depth.Based on this,the thesis takes the economic impact of standardization on the development of circulation(distribution)industry as the starting point,raising four questions that need to be focused in the research:At first,how does standardization affect the development of circulation(distribution)industry through its economic role?Secondly,how strong is the economic impact of standardization to the development of China's circulation(distribution)industry?Thirdly,the current development process of China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization,and the gap of which between China and the developed countries?Fourthly,is based on the analysis of the results of standardization on the economic impact of China's circulation(distribution)industry,combined with the current development of China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization and the enlightenment of successful experience from developed countries,what measures should be taken to enhance the standardization level of China's circulation(distribution)industry,in order to maximize its economic impact in promoting the development of China's circulation(distribution)industry?In order to solve the above questions,the thesis,on the basis of using the reference from the China's and foreign research results on economic effects of standardization,through the elaboration of the basic principle(including related concepts,core issues,etc.)of circulation(distribution)industry standardization,and using the relevant theories in western economies,first,in the macroscopic perspective,analyzes the mechanism of standardization on the development of circulation(distribution)industry under the condition of market economy,and secondly,from the microscopic point of view,analyzes the mechanism of standardization on the economic benefits of circulation(distribution)enterprises,and finds that standardization plays a positive role in both the overall development of circulation(distribution)industry and the specific production and operation process of circulation(distribution)enterprises.After that,the thesis selects 5 representative aspects in the economic impact of standardization on the development of circulation(distribution)industry,including cost,technological innovation,market structure,output growth and foreign trade in service.And after a brief exposition of the influence mechanism of standardization on the above 5 aspects,using the relevant economic data in the process of the development and standardization of China's circulation(distribution)industry,the multivariate regression model,vector autoregressive(VAR)model and extended C-D production function model are established respectively,using econometric analysis methods,such as unit root test,cointegration test,heteroscedasticity test,autocorrelation test,granger causality test,impulse response function and variance decomposition,to carry on a quantitative empirical test on qualitative theoretical analysis from middle level perspective.It is found that standardization has a positive effect on the cost,technological innovation,market structure,output growth and foreign trade in service of China's circulation(distribution)industry.Among them:every 1%increase in the China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level factor,represents 0.208384%reduction in the total social logistics expense of China's circulation(distribution)industry,indicating that the promotion of China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level can reduce the cost in the process of commodity circulation(distribution).This in turn demonstrates a long-term equilibrium dynamic relationship and bidirectional causality between the China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level factor and the amount of patent application that represents the level of technological innovation.On the one hand,the promotion of standardization level of circulation(distribution)industry in China can promote the improvement of its level of technological innovation,which shows that the enhancement of standardization in the field of commodity circulation(distribution)will reduce the repeatability of its technological innovation activities and accelerate the spread and diffusion of related innovation results.On the other hand,the improvement on the level of technological innovation in China's circulation(distribution)industry also facilitates the promotion of its standardization level,which shows that the rich technological innovation achievements led by patents in the field of commodity circulation(distribution)can provide a wider space of choice for the circulation(distribution)industry to implement the standardization strategy.There is also a long-term equilibrium dynamic relationship and bidirectional causality between the China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level factor and the degree of market concentration that represents the market structure,on the one hand,the improvement of the standardization level of circulation(distribution)industry in China has a promoting effect on the improvement of its market concentration degree,it shows that standardization in the field of commodity circulation(distribution)affects the market structure of China's circulation(distribution)industry to a certain extent,although the market concentration of circulation(distribution)industry in China is not high,standardization can forcefully implement the market power of relevant standard circulation(distribution)enterprises,at the same time raise the threshold of market access for commodity circulation(distribution)and standardize its market order;On the other hand,the improvement of the concentration degree of China's circulation(distribution)industry also plays a role in promoting the promotion of its standardization level,which shows that the market position of China's circulation(distribution)enterprises can be further consolidated and enhanced through the promotion of its standardization level,and at the same time,in order to strengthen this market position,there is in need of more high quality guaranteed competition standard to support the guidance.For every 1%increase in the China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level factor,there will be 0.187583%growth in the per capital output(or labor productivity)of the growth of China's circulation(distribution)industry,indicating that the improvement of the standardization level of circulation(distribution)industry in China has promoted its output growth.For every 1%increase in the China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization level factor,the export and import volume of foreign trade in service,which represents the level of foreign trade in service of China's circulation(distribution)industry,will increase by 0.036979%and 0.05496%respectively,this indicates that the improvement of the standardization level of circulation(distribution)industry in China has promoted the development of its foreign trade in service.Furthermore,based on investigating the current situation of the standardization of circulation(distribution)industry in China,this paper analyzes the problems and causes in its standardization construction,and summarizes the enlightenment to the development of the standardization construction of China's circulation(distribution)industry through the comparison with the present situation,successful experience and characteristics of the construction and development of circulation(distribution)industry standardization in western developed countries.In the standardization construction of China's circulation(distribution)industry,it is found that there are some drawbacks.in the aspects such as standard itself,standard system,management system and operation mechanism,and the main reasons for these problems include:the cognition of commodity circulation(distribution)standard and its function is biased and misunderstood,therefore the need of concept changing,the laws and regulations related to the standardization of circulation(distribution)industry not being adapted to the needs of the development of market economy,the standardized management mode of circulation(distribution)industry being rigid,the lags in the operation mechanism of circulation(distribution)industry standardization,and the implementation and supervision mechanism of standard in the field of commodity circulation(distribution)still not being perfect;The western and eastern developed countries,represented by the United States,the European Union and Japan,are implementing the voluntary standard system of commodity circulation(distribution),having a multi-level technical and regulatory system in the field of commodity circulation(distribution),having a sound standard for the supervision of the circulation(distribution)of commodities,and formulating standardized standard conformity assessment procedures for commodity circulation(distribution)areas,by the inspection institutions involved in the preparation and review of standards in the field of commodity circulation(distribution),through the government authorized private institutions to lead the standard management system in the field of commodity circulation(distribution),commodity circulation(distribution)in the field of standard system revision are guided by the principle of marketization,commodity circulation(distribution)standards of the service presents information trend,with the strong support of the state finance and the diversification of the sources of standardization funds in the circulation(distribution)industry and shifting the strategic orientation of the national standard of circulation(distribution)industry to internationalization,and these successful experiences have significant referencing meaning for the development of the standardization of China's circulation(distribution)industry in the aspects of standard system construction,management system,operation mechanism,strategic positioning and so on.Finally,from the point of increasing the standardization construction of circulation(distribution)industry to the industrial strategy and national strategy level,the thesis puts forward the strategy of implementing China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization and the countermeasure to promote the improvement of its standardization level,which mainly including:In the guiding ideology,we should make it a core priority to improve the adaptability and international competitiveness of China's commodity circulation(distribution)standards,and should take government guidance,enterprise subject and market orientation as the fundamental principles,and should take supporting and guiding the coordination and sustainable development of China's circulation(distribution)industry as the ultimate goal;In the development orientation,we should focus on the development of circulation(distribution)standards with independent technological innovation results as the future development orientation,and should make the effective adoption of international standards and active participation in the focus areas of international standard competition as the development orientation of the new standardization of circulation(distribution)industry,and should make the system,which is based on voluntary standards,as the development orientation of the transformation of the standardization system of circulation(distribution)industry,and should make emphasizing the support of the establishment of circulation(distribution)standards to promote economic and social coordination and sustainable development as the development orientation;In the development goal,we should determine the overall goal and specific goal of implementing standardization strategy and promoting standardization level in China's circulation(distribution)industry according to the principle of"two-stage" and strong maneuverability;In the development focus,we should focus on the development of China's circulation(distribution)industry standardization in covering the two major industry areas,such as the commercial and logistics industry,but also include the standards of circulation(distribution)of agricultural products,e-commerce,important product tracing,residential services,business services and other commodity circulation(distribution)related industries;On the main measures,we should improve the mechanism of independent and innovative technology content of circulation(distribution)standards,establish a mechanism to participate in international standard competition in circulation(distribution)industry,establish a standardized model of circulation(distribution)industry based on voluntary and recommended standards,improve the laws and regulations and policy environment for standardization of commodity circulation(distribution),strengthen the construction of basic conditions for standardization of circulation(distribution)industry,and implement standard promotion projects in the field of commodity circulation(distribution).