| With the rapid development of e-commerce in China,many retail enterprises give priority to carry out retail business through online channel,and logistics service is an important factor affecting the sales volume and consumption experience of online channel.As e-commerce weakens the scale economy effect of circulation channels,it leads to the decentralization and fragmentation of logistics demand under the B2 C e-commerce environment,which brings great challenges to B2 C logistics service due to the logistics demand of “breaking up the whole into parts”.Therefore,it is difficult for a single logistics service enterprise to rely on its own limited logistics resources to deal with the logistics service demand.So,it's urgent for a logistics service integrator(LSI)with strong resource integration ability to better meet the logistics needs of retailers' online channel by integrating functional logistics service providers(FLSP).Thus,a supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers(including LSI and FLSP)is formed.In the supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers,there are product supply chain(PSC)composed of manufacturer and retailer,as well as logistics service supply chain(LSSC)composed of LSI and FLSP.In view of the complexity of business linkage and competition cooperation relationship among enterprises in the whole supply chain system,how to realize its coordinated development is an important subject worth studying.The coordinated development of the whole supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers faces many practical problems.First of all,every enterprise in PSC and LSSC is an independent decision maker,and will take the decision of maximizing individual interest,there must be multi-party games and interest conflicts between the decision makers.At the same time,related research shows that in this complex supply chain system,there are also challenges and problems in the control of product quality and logistics service quality.In addition,the whole supply chain system also has the problem of unstable and not in-depth cooperation among enterprises,which will have a serious negative impact on the interest of enterprises,the quality and coordinated development of the supply chain system.Therefore,there are some problems in the whole supply chain system,such as decision optimization,interest coordination,quality control and the evolution of cooperation relationship,which restrict the realization of its long-term stable and coordinated development goal.In order to solve the above problems systematically,this dissertation takes the supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers as the research object,conducts a systematic study on its optimal decision and coordination evolution mechanism,and proposes a feasible path to realize the coordinated development of the whole supply chain system,which has important theoretical and practical significance.The research work and contribution of this dissertation are embodied in the following four aspects:(1)This dissertation studies the optimal decision and interest coordination mechanism of the single channel supply chain embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers,compares and analyzes the optimal decisions under different decision-making modes,clarifies the retailer's optimal local cooperation strategy and analyzes the influence of price externality and relevant sensitivity coefficient on the optimal decision of the supply chain system.The research results show that the local cooperative decision-making mode can achieve the interest coordination of supply chain to a certain extent.PSC centralized / LSSC centralized decision-making mode is the dominant strategy under the local cooperative decision-making mode,and Nash game is adopted by both sides as the equilibrium strategy.In decentralized decision-making mode,the exogeneity of product wholesale price is conducive to improving profit of all decision makers,while the exogeneity of logistics service sales price will reduce profit of LSI.The exogeneity of the above two variables can optimize profit structure of supply chain to a certain extent.Based on the characteristics of decentralized decision-making mode,a mixed contract of revenue sharing and cost sharing is designed.At the same time,two coordination mechanisms of profit distribution satisfaction are designed based on cooperative game theory,the results show that: the interest coordination mechanism based on balanced satisfaction can achieve the relative balance of the satisfaction of profit distribution of different decision makers;while the interest coordination mechanism based on the maximization of alliance satisfaction can achieve maximization of alliance satisfaction while fully considering importance of each decision maker.According to the characteristics of PSC centralized / LSSC centralized decision-making mode,revenue sharing contract and transition coordination model are designed to realize the interest coordination of whole supply chain.(2)This dissertation deeply studies the optimal decision and interest coordination mechanism of the dual-channel supply chain embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers under the two competitive cases including service level competition of online and offline channel and consumer freeriding.The results show that the optimal local cooperation strategy of retailer is the same as that of single channel supply chain under two competitive cases.PSC centralized decision-making mode is beneficial to improve the offline comprehensive experience service level,the products demand for both online and offline channel,while LSSC centralized decision-making mode is beneficial to improve the logistics service level,the products demand for online channel and reduce the products demand for offline channel.In the case of service level competition,the relative size of the product retail price sensitivity coefficient of online and offline channel has an inconsistent influence on the profit of FLSP.The optimal decisions of consumer freeriding case are better than those of service competition case,and decrease with the increase of freeriding degree.According to the characteristics of decentralized decision-making mode,cross revenue sharing contract,two-part contract and an improved coordination mechanism of residual profit sharing based on three bargaining power coefficients are designed.The research results show that the improved residual profit sharing coordination mechanism based on bargaining power coefficient of Nash negotiation model has more advantages.According to the characteristics of PSC centralized/LSSC centralized decision-making mode,the interest coordination mechanism considering risk attitude and bargaining power,interest sharing contract and cost sharing contract are designed,it is found that in PSC centralized/LSSC centralized decision-making mode,cost sharing contract can realize the interest coordination of dual-channel supply chain embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers in different competition cases,but it can not achieve the interest coordination of single channel supply chain,while revenue sharing contract can realize interest coordination of single channel and dual-channel supply chain.(3)This dissertation studies the quality incentive mechanism of supply chain embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers.Combined with the particularity of supply chain quality and the demand scale of different supply chain channels,this dissertation designs not only a single-stage static quality incentive mechanism,but also a multi-stage dynamic quality incentive mechanism.In the aspect of static quality incentive mechanism,it focuses on the individual quality incentive mechanism and the combination of individual quality incentive and team incentive mechanism,at the same time,this dissertation analyzes the incentive model considering the quality revenue of agent enterprise and the influence of reciprocity preference on the quality incentive.The results show that the retailer's team incentive to the manufacturer and LSI does not make the manufacturer and LSI improve their quality efforts,therefore,retailer lacks the enthusiasm to provide team incentive mechanism.In the aspect of dynamic quality incentive,this dissertation focuses on the quality incentive of contract changing with time,the combination quality incentive of reward and punishment based on evolution game,the quality incentive of repeated game and the reputation model of agent market.The results show that compared with static incentive mechanism,dynamic incentive mechanism can improve the quality effort level of manufacturer and LSI and the expected revenue of retailer.Retailer can effectively stimulate the reputation effect and weaken the ratchet effect by changing the adjustment coefficient of incentive intensity,so as to balance the goal of maximizing its expected revenue and maximizing the quality effort level of the whole supply chain.(4)The evolution mechanism of the cooperation relationship between decision makers in the supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers is studied based on the stability of the cooperation relationship and the internal mechanism of the in-depth development of cooperation relationship.On the basis of the above research results,combined with transaction cost theory and inter organizational relationship theory,this dissertation creatively puts forward evolution path of the internal cooperation relationship of supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers.The results show that the relative balance of interest distribution among decision makers is more conducive to the formation of long-term and stable cooperative partnership between them.The amount of activities between members can directly or indirectly affect the close degree of cooperation between members through the degree of friendship and trust.Under the participation of two-echelon logistics service providers,the internal cooperation relationship of supply chain system will go through progressive development process from low-level ‘weak' cooperation relationship,‘point' cooperation relationship,‘line' cooperation relationship,‘face-to-face' cooperation relationship,to high-level ‘net' cooperation relationship and ‘ecology' cooperation relationship.Among them,‘ecology' cooperation relationship is more conducive to the realization of long-term stable and coordinated development of supply chain system embedded by two-echelon logistics service providers.There are 78 figures,18 tables and 287 references in this dissertation. |
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