Study On The Spatial And Temporal Distribution Characteristics And Reasons Of The Formation Of Entrepreneur Groups

As an important micro-market subject,entrepreneurs are increasingly concerned about their fundamental role in sustainable economic development of a country or region.Premier Li Keqiang put forward the popular "entrepreneurship and innovation" as early as the Summer Davos Forum in 2014,hoping inspire the nation's entrepreneurial spirit and innovative genes through double creation,and promote the harmonious and fairness development of society.The fact we have observed from the actual economic operation has indeed confirmed the view that a country or region with high-speed economic growth has,to a large extent,a dynamic group of companies and creative entrepreneurs.By studying the spatial and temporal distribution of entrepreneur groups at home and abroad,it can be found that,from the perspective of distribution time,the emergence of entrepreneur groups is discrete rather than continuous.From the perspective of distribution space,the regional distribution of entrepreneur groups in a specific period presents obvious non-uniformity.Why does the distribution of entrepreneur group show such discontinuity in time and heterogeneity in space? What are the deep-seated reasons behind the formation of entrepreneur groups? Is it possible to generalize and summarize some influential factors so as to provide useful reference for cultivation and expansion of contemporary entrepreneurs? The answers to these doubts are also the starting point and significance of the study.This paper consists of eight chapters.Chapter 1 explains the research background and significance,and introduces the research methods,research ideas,structural arrangements and possible innovations of the full text.Chapter 2 combs and analyses the relevant literature of entrepreneur theory.Chapter 3 and Chapter 4,based on a large number of literature studies and case studies at home and abroad,analyze the characteristics and reasons of the time discontinuity and spatial heterogeneity of the formation of entrepreneur groups.The typical stages of the emergence and evolution of entrepreneur groups under different space backgrounds are elaborated in detail,and the main reasons for the formation of entrepreneur groups are discussed from a macro perspective.Chapter 5 introduces the entrepreneur behavior theory,constructs the model of individual entrepreneur's behavior choice,analyzes the decision-making process of individual entrepreneur and its influencing factors,and investigates the influencing factors of entrepreneur's formation at the micro level.On this basis,the formation mechanism from individual entrepreneur to group entrepreneurs is expounded.Chapter 6 constructs the influencing factor model of the formation of entrepreneur groups and makes empirical test with the historical data since China's reform and opening up.In chapter 7,from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity,the spatial panel model is constructed based on the geographic distance weight matrix and the economic distance weight matrix respectively,and the spatial correlation,spatial effect and influencing factors of the distribution of entrepreneurs in provinces and regions in China are investigated in depth.Chapter 8 summarizes the whole paper,puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions according to the practical problems faced by Chinese entrepreneurs under the new situation,and puts forward the prospect of the next research work.Through a more systematic analysis,this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:Firstly,through the analysis of the typical period of the rise and evolution of entrepreneurs in the history of China and foreign countries,this paper finds that the development of social productivity,technological revolution,market changes,geographical discovery,government policies and wars can explain the discontinuity of this time distribution to some extent.At the same time,through the analysis of typical cases of the rise of entrepreneurs in different countries or regions in a specific period,this paper argues that the non-uniformity of entrepreneurs' spatial distribution can be explained by such factors as entrepreneurship in different regions,local government policies,regional financial resources,regional geographical location and traffic improvement.In addition,through case analysis,several enlightening viewpoints have been drawn: the formation and development of entrepreneurs are path-dependent;the good coupling between institutional environment and entrepreneurship activities is very important;higher social mobility helps the emergence and development of entrepreneurs.Secondly,the decision-making process of entrepreneurship by entrepreneurs can be divided into two stages(seizing market opportunities and realizing market opportunities)and further refined into four important links: identifying market opportunities,evaluating market opportunities,grasping market opportunities and coping with uncertainties by entrepreneurs.The entrepreneurial activities by entrepreneurs will be affected by four main factors: entrepreneurial ability of entrepreneurs,external market environment,government policy changes and information supply.The formation of group entrepreneurs in the region is more based on the "infectious disease model" of innovation-imitation.Leading entrepreneurs produce demonstration-driven effect through successful innovation activities,which leads to the follow-up imitation of potential entrepreneurs,and then produces diffusion effect in the region.Thirdly,since the reform and opening up,there has been a long-term and stable equilibrium relationship between the formation of entrepreneur groups in China and entrepreneurial ability of entrepreneurs,external market environment,information supply and government policy support.The external market environment and the information supply condition have the bigger promotion function to the formation of entrepreneur groups.In contrast,the effect of government policy support is weak.This conclusion implies that increasing policy support for entrepreneurship in the future may improve the entrepreneurial activities of Chinese entrepreneurs to some extent.Fourthly,empirical research based on the perspective of spatial heterogeneity finds that the spatial spillover effect of the distribution of entrepreneurs in provinces and regions of China is very significant,and the regions with active entrepreneurship activities have obvious spillover and driving effects on entrepreneurs in neighbouring regions.Regional financial development level,economic development level,technological innovation level and foreign direct investment have promoted the formation of regional entrepreneurs to a certain extent,but relatively speaking,technological innovation level and foreign direct investment have a weak role.Fifthly,combined with the practical difficulties faced by entrepreneurs in the new situation,this paper puts forward several policy recommendations,such as eliminating market barriers between regions,speeding up the industrialized application of technological innovation achievements,improving the level and efficiency of financial resources serving the real economy,improving entrepreneurship support policies,increasing the investment of Internet resources in underdeveloped areas,and emphasizing the training of entrepreneurs' successors,with a view to providing some reference for the training of entrepreneurs at the national or regional level.The innovation of this paper lies in the following aspects.This paper takes the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of entrepreneur groups as the starting point of the research and proposes for the first time the discontinuous characteristics of time distribution of entrepreneur groups and the non-uniform characteristics of spatial distribution.Secondly,this paper constructs the behavior choice model of individual entrepreneur innovatively and explores the formation mechanism of individual entrepreneur and group entrepreneurs.By introducing uncertainty and starting from the choice of individual entrepreneurial behavior,this paper constructs the model of entrepreneurial behavior choice,investigates the entrepreneurial decision-making process and influencing factors of entrepreneurs at the micro level,and makes an extended analysis of the transmission mechanism from individual entrepreneurs to group entrepreneurs.Thirdly,based on the perspective of spatial spillover,the spatial correlation and spatial spillover effect of entrepreneurs in provinces and regions in China are analyzed.The geographic distance weight matrix and economic distance weight matrix are refined and constructed respectively,and the spatial effect of entrepreneur group distribution in China under these two kinds of spatial weight matrices is discussed.Fourthly,for the first time,this paper introduces the indicators of information supply represented by the development of the Internet into the empirical analysis,and to explore whether the development of the Internet will have some impact on the formation of entrepreneur groups.