| In this dissertation, I develop a new spectral decomposition method and apply it to mapping stratigraphy and hydrocarbons. This new spectral decomposition method combines matching pursuit concepts with a least-squares solution, providing an accurate time-frequency decomposition. The output spectral attributes include single frequency, peak frequency, peak amplitude, and peak phase volumes. Based on these spectral attributes, I can generate the composite volume of either peak frequency or phase with peak amplitude. I also show how I can plot spectral attributes which include a newly developed Red-Green-Blue display method.; I demonstrate the value of spectral decomposition through these applications. First I use spectral attributes to predict thin bed thickness of a Pennsylvanian age limestone verified by equations and a synthetic model. Next I show how to use composite volume of peak frequency, peak amplitude and coherence to detect channels in a Tertiary Gulf of Mexico as well as in a Paleozoic West Texas survey. Coherence can detect the lateral variation, while peak frequency can show the vertical thickness variation. Finally, I show how the new Red-Green-Blue display technique, which is based on three different basis functions, can be used to detect low frequency zones. |
