| Probation and parole offenders are returning to drug use and criminal behaviors after receiving treatment. Research on drug and crime relationships has inadequately evaluated the correlations between specific drugs to specific crimes. The purposes of this study were to determine the extent to which drug behaviors affect crimes and to determine changes in drug use, the underlying influences, and the extent to which programs contribute to the reduction of drug use. The theoretical framework consisted of concepts from the theory of reasoned action, ecological behavior model, social learning theory, and criminal thinking behavior. Parole offenders (N = 1,037), law enforcement officers (N = 22), and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse treatment practitioners (N = 20) volunteered for this mixed method study. A stepwise regression model was used to test the relationships between substance purchases and use to the seriousness of criminal behavior; and a Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test for relationships between specific drugs and crimes. A statistically significant relationship was found between Oxycontin use and assault while under the influence of that drug. Data suggest that there are different levels of understanding about substance abuse treatment. The reduction of recidivism requires community education, the development of post treatment programs, and development of specific treatment programs based on the drug abused, social behaviors, and attitudes of the client. Changes in these areas may help probation and parole offenders become positive social change contributors at work, at home, and in their communities. |
