| The purpose of this study was to determine whether transformational leadership (idealized attributes, idealized behaviors, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, contingent reward, and management-by-exception) correlated with spiritual intelligence (mindfulness, intellectuality, divinity, childhood spirituality, extra sensory phenomenon, community, and trauma). The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measured transformational leadership qualities and the PsychoMatrix Spiritual Inventory measured spiritual intelligence. Use of a quantitative correlational design provided statistical data and allowed for calculation as to whether or not there was a correlation. Previous studies are mostly qualitative in design. A total of 115 participants associated with a non-profit organization leadership council (an Armed Forces Reserve Center) were drawn from a population of business leaders in the southwest region of the United States. Data were tabulated using standard summary statistics. Bivariate comparisons were performed using Spearman's rank correlations and partial correlations. Demographic data revealed a profile of the average respondent: male, between the ages of 20 and 29, had 1 to 5 years of supervisory and professional experience, and completed some college. A correlation between transformational leadership and spiritual intelligence was found. When controlled for demographic variables (gender, age, supervisory and professional experience, and education), spiritual intelligence had a significant positive correlation to MLQ transformational leadership. This qualitative relationship has been supported in the literature. Now it has been quantified as well. |
