Principal leadership styles and teacher commitment, collaboration, certainty, learning, and shared goals

The purpose of this study was to determine if a difference existed between principals' self-perceptions of leadership styles and teachers' perception of their principals' leadership styles. An examination of leadership styles of 16 school principals provided data for the principal self-evaluative mean scores compared with the mean scores of leadership styles as perceived by the teachers. Two survey instruments provided the data for the two groups within the study: The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire completed by the principals and teachers and the Social Organizational Questionnaire (SOQ) measuring working environments, culture, and climate completed by the teachers.