Tenure for Illinois teachers: An analysis of the philosophical arguments surrounding the adoption of the 1941 Tenure Law for public school teachers in the state of Illinois

The concept of granting K-12 public school teacher's tenure following a probationary period has been debated since its inception. The present tenure system has concerned state legislators, school administrators, parents, students and some teachers as one of the fundamental challenge's affecting the quality of education in the United States. Educational leaders and the professional journals read by those involved in the hiring, retention, and dismissal of teachers contain a plethora of literature explaining the legal rights of tenured personnel and the process involved in dismissing a tenured staff member.;This study focused on the origin of the theory to provide K-12 public school teachers in Illinois with job security in the form of tenure legislation. Through an examination of the written documents, correspondence, newspaper articles, and organizational minutes, the study analyzed the philosophies and ideologies espoused by those involved in the adoption of the 1941 Illinois Tenure Law. The research examined the opinions expressed by both advocates and opponents of tenure legislation.;A study of the documents revealed the philosophy to grant public school teacher's tenure was rooted in the ideologies of the Progressive movement. Proponents of the legislation argued teachers needed to be safeguarded from patronage and other capricious actions of school boards. Educational organizations such as the National Educational Association and the Illinois Education Association highlighted the extensive rate of turnover found among teachers. These groups argued the annual election process and the high incidence of political favoritism affected the stability of the profession and hence the quality of education. Framers of the legislation held tenure would enhance the quality of education, improve professional growth and attract high caliber, competent individuals to the field. Opponents of the legislation agreed the annual election process should be reformed. However, concerns were expressed regarding the ability to dismiss an incompetent tenured teacher and the impact life long job security would have on the continued professional development of teachers.;From its inception to the present day the primary concern voiced by those who oppose the continuation of tenure focuses on the challenges involved in dismissing a tenured public school employee.