Knowledge of the structure-property relations of amorphous, ferrous iron (Fe;Chapter one describes an Fe and Mn K-EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) and K-XANES (X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure) spectroscopy study of eleven unique, rapidly splat-quenched olivine-composition glasses (i.e., M;Chapters two and three describe a high-temperature Fe K-EXAFS study of eight silicate liquids including compositions of fayalite, almandine, kirschteinite, hedenbergite, basalt, and feldspar stoichiometries (i.e., M;Chapter four presents an Fe K-EXAFS, Fe K-XANES, Mossbauer, and optical absorption spectroscopy study of seven Fe... |