Study On Spread Laws And Control Characteristics Of Train Fire Smoke In High-speed Railway Tunnel

Abstract:With the development of social economy and the progress of science and technology, high-speed railway construction technology has gradually been practised. The issues of fireproof safety of the passenger train on the high-speed railway still need to be solved, especially the hot issues of fireproof safety of train operation in tunnels are to be deeply studied. According to the insufficient research status of high-speed railway tunnel fire development laws, smoke spread characteristics and control strategies, the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model test was comprehensively employed; the study of high-speed railway tunnel train fire smoke spread regularities and control characteristics inside the train compartment, tunnel and rescue station were conducted; the main research work and results obtained are as following:(1) Based on the analysis of window rupture mechanism, the critical conditions and criteria under high temperature in train compartment fire, the train window rupture was numerically simulated, the number of window broken and rupture time and the effect of window rupture to temperature distribution in train compartment were obtained.(2) The swallowtail catastrophe theory was introduced into the analysis of flashover phenomenon in high-speed railway train compartment fire, and a swallowtail catastrophe prediction model was established, then the critical conditions of flashover were analyzed.(3) The1:9scale inch high-speed railway tunnel test model and1:16shrinkage size test model of extra long railway tunnel rescue station were established based on the Froude similarity theory. The key technical parameters of high speed railway tunnel fire smoke spread and control characteristics; the smoke control mechanism and technology under dispersion smoke control mode in rescue stations were respectively investigated systematically.(4) Theory of maximum gas temperature beneath ceiling of tunnel proposed by H.Kuriok was corrected with slope based on the test data of maximum gas temperature beneath ceiling of tunnel obtained through the model test, the slope modified formula to predict the maximum gas temperature beneath ceiling of tunnel was obtained.(5) The critical ventilation velocity in tunnel fire with different slope was studied by model test, the critical ventilation velocity prediction model was modified with slope based on the experimental data, the modified prediction model of critical ventilation velocity theory could be suitable for different slope conditions.(6) Based on scale inch model test study of the railway tunnel rescue station fire, the range of critical wind speed to prevent smoke spread into the cross-passage from the accident tunnel under dispersion smoke control mode in rescue stations, as well as the limit value of longitudinal smoke exhaust velocity in accident tunnel, which could provide a scientific basis for the design of smoke control system under dispersion smoke control mode in rescue stations.Through the research of spread and control of high-speed railway passenger train fire smoke in the compartment, the tunnel and rescue station, the smoke movement law and the key design parameters of the smoke control system and fire prevention were obtained which is expected to provide a reference for the fire prevention system design of train, tunnel and rescue station.