| Nickel is an important strategic material.The high grade nickel sulfide ore has been scarce in China after years of development and utilization.More and more attention has been paid to the exploitation and utilization of laterite nickel ore and low-grade sulfide nickel ore.In this paper,the process and theory of comprehensive utilization of laterite nickel ore in sichuan province and low-grade Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore in xinjiang province are studied.The chemical composition and mineral phases of sichuan laterite nickel ore and xinjiang low-grade Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore were tested and analyzed,and the related chemical reactions were thermodynamically analyzed to determine the possibility of chemical reaction.Based on this,a joint technological process of pyrometallurgy-hydrometallurgy which means sulphate roasting-water leaching of laterite nickel ore and Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore was designed.Single factor experiment was used to study the effects of various factors on the reaction of valuable components with sulfuric acid in laterite nickel ore and copper-nickel oxy-sulfide ore,Orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the process parameters.The mineral phase transformation was studied,the knetics of reaction of element with sulfuric acid in laterite nickel ore was studied,Separation of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum,magnesium and silicon were studied,The process conditions of leaching were studied by single factor experiment,the process parameters of leaching were optimized by orthogonal experiment,the dissolution kinetics of roasting clinker of laterite nickel ore was studied,Process conditions for separation and extraction of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum and magnesium from leach liquor and the process of making products were studied,the process and conditions for making some substances into special materials were studied,The comprehensive utilization process of laterite nickel ore and low-grade Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore was also explored,the valuable components of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum and magnesium were isolated and extracted,No waste discharge because the chemical raw materials are recycled or used as products.The technical prototype and theoretical basis for separation and extraction of valuable components in laterite nickel ore and Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore were obtained,It provides theoretical basis and technical support for the development and utilization of laterite nickel mine in sichuan province and low-grade Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore in xinjiang.Conclusions are as follows:1.The relationship between the extraction rate of iron,aluminum,nickel and magnesium and the calcining temperature,the calcining time,the proportion of materials and the particle size of ore powder was obtained by calcining laterite nickel with sulfuric acid.The main and secondary factors influencing the extraction rate of iron,aluminum,nickel and magnesium were the proportion of materials>the calcining time>the calcining temperature>the particle size of ore powder.The optimum technological conditions for calcining were the calcining temperature is 450?,the calcining time is 120 min,the ratio of materials is 2.5,the ore powder particle size is less than 80 ?m.2.Mixed roasting of sulfuric acid and laterite nickel ore,the reaction rate of iron,nickel,aluminum and magnesium conforms to the shrinkage unreacted nuclear model generated by the solid product layer and is controlled by internal diffusion.The apparent activation energy of iron is E=20.83kJ·mol-1,The reaction kinetics equation is 1+2(1-?)-3(1-?)2/3=0.05635exp(-20426/RT)t The apparent activation energy of aluminum is E=17.35KJ·mol-1,The reaction kinetics equation is 1+2(1-?)-3(1-?)2/3=0.03449exp(-17350/RT)t The apparent activation energy of nickel is E=20.93kJ·mol-1,The reaction kinetics equation is 1+2(1-?)-3(1-?)2/3=0.06828exp(-20926/RT)t The apparent activation energy of magnesium is E=19.44kJ·mol-1,The reaction kinetics equation is 1+2(1-?)-3(1-?)2/3=0.00506exp(-19437/RT)t3.The relationship between the dissolution rate of iron,aluminum,nickel and magnesium,the dissolution temperature,the liquid-solid ratio,the dissolution time and the stirring intensity was obtained.The main and secondary order of the factors affecting the dissolution rate of iron,aluminum,nickel and magnesium were the dissolution time>the stirring intensity>the liquid-solid ratio>the dissolution temperature.The optimum technological conditions for dissolution were.the dissolution temperature is 60?,the dissolution time is 60min,the liquid-solid ratio is 2.5:1,the stirring intensity is 400r·min-1.4.The roasting clinker of laterite nickel mine was dissolved in water.The dissolution rates of iron,aluminum,nickel,and magnesium conform to the shrinkage unreacted nuclear model produced by the solid product layer and are controlled by external diffusion.The apparent activation energy of iron is E=6.23kJ·mol-1,The kinetic equation of dissolution is 1-(1-?)2/3-0.1453exp(-6235/RT)t The apparent activation energy of aluminum is E=8.92kJ·mol-1,The kinetic equation of dissolution is 1-(1-?)2/3=0.4428exp(-8917/RT)t The apparent activation energy of nickel is E=6.07kJ·mol-1,The kinetic equation of dissolution is 1-(1-?)2/3=0.129exp(-6070/RT)t,The apparent activation energy of magnesium is E=8.63kJ·mol-1,The kinetic equation of dissolution is 1-(1-?)2/3=0.3991exp(-8632/RT)t5.The technological process of comprehensive utilization of laterite nickel ore by sulphuric acid roasting was explored.The technical conditions of each procedure are given.The separation of iron,nickel,aluminum,magnesium and silicon were accomplished.The preparation methods of products including hydroxyl iron oxide,aluminum hydroxide,nickel sulfide,alkali magnesium carbonate,magnesium hydroxide and calcium silicate,nano Fe2O3 fiber and nano iron powder were given.Products such as iron hydroxide,aluminum hydroxide,nickel sulfide,alkali magnesium carbonate,magnesium hydroxide,calcium silicate,nano Fe2O3 fiber and nano iron powder were prepared and represented.6.The technological conditions of mixed roasting of nickel-copper sulfur ore and sulfuric acid were studied by single factor experiment.The relationship between the conversion rate of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum and magnesium and the calcining temperature,the proportion of materials,the calcining time and the particle size of ore powder was obtained.The optimum technological conditions of roasting of nickel-copper sulfide ore were studied by orthogonal experiment.The order of primary and secondary factors was obtained:the proportion of materials>the calcining temperature>the calcining time>the particle size of ore powder.The optimum technological conditions for the calcining of nickel-copper oxy-sulfur ore are that the calcining temperature is 300?,the calcining time is 120min,the proportion of materials is 1,2:1,the particle size is less than 80?m.The conversion rate of iron reached above 96%,The conversion rate of nickel reached above 98%The conversion rate of copper reached above 99%,The conversion rate of aluminum reached above 98%,The conversion rate of magnesium reached above 97%.7.The single factor experiment was used to study the dissolution of Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur ore by water leaching,The relationship between the dissolving rate of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum and magnesium and the dissolving temperature,liquid-solid ratio,dissolving time and stirring intensity was obtained.The dissolution of copper-nickel oxysulfide calcined clinker was studied by orthogonal experiment.The order of main and secondary factors affecting dissolution was:the dissolving time>stirring intensity>liquid-solid ratio>the dissolving temperature.The optimum technological conditions for water dissolution of calcined clinker from Copper-Nickel oxy-sulfur are that the dissolving temperature is 60?,the dissolving time is 60min,the liquid-solid ratio is 2.5:1,the stirring intensity is 400r·min-1.The technological process of comprehensive utilization of Copper-Nickel oxysulfide ore by sulphuric acid roasting was established.The technical conditions of each procedure are given.The separation of iron,nickel,copper,aluminum,magnesium and silicon is accomplished.The preparation methods of iron hydroxide,aluminum hydroxide,nickel sulfide,alkali magnesium carbonate,magnesium hydroxide,calcium silicate,nanometer copper powder and other products were given.Products such as hydroxyl iron oxide,aluminum hydroxide,nickel sulfide,alkali magnesium carbonate,magnesium hydroxide,calcium silicate,nanometer copper powder were prepared and represented. |
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