| The Ministry of Emergency Management was established in the 2018 national institutional reform,marking a new phase in the national emergency management system.The responsibilities of the emergency management department include accident and disaster management(work safety supervision)and natural disaster emergency management,and the two management sectors have different working logic.Therefore,the construction of emergency management system led by the emergency management department cannot be confined to the "One Planning plus Three Systems" system.Under the framework of "management" of " broad emergency",we need to construct different " governing" models for two types of emergencies,accident and disaster.At the same time,in most cases,work safety and occupational health are two different stages of development of the same risk,and accidents involving work safety and occupational health damage are often interchanged,so the integrated study of occupational safety and health cooperative governance is also a natural requirement to respect the practitioner-centered concept in the workplace.Modern society is characterized by a high degree of complexity and uncertainty,the power of market subjects grows,the awareness of civil rights increases,and the power of social organizations rises.The single subject administration of government organizations can no longer meet the demands of multiple subjects in the field of occupational safety and health.The "fragmentation" effect brought by the internal section system of government entities and information technology often makes a complete and coherent process of occupational safety and health affairs divided into isolated departmental barriers and many disintegrated management fragments.Enterprises and the public need integral governance of occupational safety and health,while the "big ministry" type reform of integral government construction is inevitably a return to bureaucracy.In the face of the increasingly complex and heavy occupational safety and health affairs and the realistic need for modernization of governance,cooperative governance with inherently coupled holistic governance,as a new governance style,should be the theoretical basis for the construction of a cooperative occupational safety and health governance system,in line with the new trend of the development of governance practice in the 21 st century.At present,China is still facing a very serious situation in the field of occupational safety and health.For many years,the supervision of work safety has been "heavy on punishment,light on prevention".Its mechanism is highly compatible with the "pressure" system and "movement" mechanism,which has significant efficiency and can achieve maximum utility in the short term.And it has become the path of governance that local governments are familiar with.However,China is now promoting the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity,and is profoundly rethinking the traditional "regulatory" model of work safety and occupational health.China’s occupational safety and health cooperative governance system,mechanism,the legal system of institutional construction,is not perfect or rich or sound.The role of information technology in the cooperative governance of occupational safety and health is also facing challenges.The main reason for this is that the principle of prevention is not always implemented in the governance of occupational safety and health.The management and supervision of occupational safety and health are confused with each other,the relationship between comprehensive supervision and industry supervisors is entangled,the traditional regulatory system and mechanisms that have been tried and tested are difficult to part with,and information technology is also lacking a high degree of "governance" orientation.In particular,Informal employment groups are the ones most harmed by work safety and occupational health accidents which already made the difficulty that occupational safety health manages because of its large mobility,lack of organizational degree of labor relations.Using the experience of western developed countries,the emergency management and occupational safety and health as a relatively independent and complete management system,as well as the enterprise and the employees as the main responsibility,recommended emergency management system in our country,promote cooperation,change the single government plural subject regulatory conditions,set up a system of occupational safety and health cooperation governance.The aim is to guarantee the rule of law in the cooperative governance of occupational safety and health through integrated legislation and unified supervision mode;establish a system of cooperation between government organizations,market organizations,employees of organizations,and social forces;Strengthen the main responsibility of enterprises,improve the internal and external mechanism of occupational safety and health affairs governance,promote the formation of preventive culture in enterprises,to achieve the highest goal of occupational safety and health cooperative governance;build a block-chain application platform for cooperative governance and supervision of occupational safety and health,and realize the integration of information technology into "governance" so as to transcend its current mere "management means".In conclusion,with the aim of generating a cooperative governance situation of consultation,collaboration and cooperation in occupational safety and health affairs by integrating the system and information technology in a holistic manner.In this way,we innovate and expand the theory and vision of cooperative governance research,build a macroscopic cooperative governance framework for occupational safety and health from the perspective of grassroots micro demands,solve the current governance dilemma in the field of occupational safety and health in China,to further improve the modernization of occupational safety and health governance,and make an effort to build a Chinese discourse system of cooperative governance. |
PDF Full Text Request