Research On Passive Energy-saving Natural Ventilation Design Of College Canteen Building In Hot Summer And Cold Winter Area

The university canteen is one of the most important places and frequently visited by students on the university campus.The plan and design of the canteen have been the focuses of the researchers at all time.However,the thermal comfort and energy performance of university canteens have not received enough attention.Studies have shown that natural ventilation has obvious effect on improving the indoor thermal environment while reducing energy consumption,which is possible to be applied it to university canteens.The hot summer and cold winter region in China features a hot summer and long transition season,therefore,the natural ventilation and night-time ventilation are effective and have big energy saving potential.The building environment can be specially design so that to utilize natural ventilation and passive cooling technology while considering the seasonal usage characteristics of the university canteen.The use of natural ventilation can provide fresh air to deplete air pollution and prevent disease breeding.Appropriate application of natural ventilation can help to remove internal heat gain during summer and transition season.At the same time,as the human body can adapt to a large range of environmental temperature changes under natural ventilation conditions,the indoor temperature can be maintained at a higher level without turning off the air conditioning system.In addition,if phase change materials are applied to the building envelope,it can make full use of the cooling effect of night ventilation when students have meals in the daytime.Therefore,enhancing natural ventilation through shape and space design with phase change materials can not only improve the comfort of dining,but also reduce the building energy consumption.This paper studies the synergistic law of climate characteristics,canteen use characteristics,building space,shape,interface design and other factors,and proposes an architectural design strategy suitable for natural ventilation improvement.The following four aspects are included in the study:1)The analysis of the architectural space of university dining hall and dining room function layout characteristics,combined with domestic and foreign university canteen usage characteristics and behavior characteristics of diners.The coupling rule of natural ventilation with passive energy saving measures in the hot summer and cold winter areas to improve indoor thermal environment and energy saving potential and time usage characteristics of the dining room are evaluated.2)Field studies were carried out at the dining rooms of six universities in Changsha and five representative canteen building space layout model for natural ventilation in hot summer and cold winter areas are proposed and space optimization design method was recommended to include setting the angle between different wind direction and the building's windward surface.Sensitivity analysis of ventilation effect with the change of window-floor area ratio,the mutual influence of the functional layout of the canteen on the natural ventilation are conducted.Based on the above research,the specific design strategies on the building form and space layout of college canteen are proposed.3)An energy storage Trombe wall which could assist to enhance natural ventilation effect is proposed with high reflection coatings and construction of cold storage phase change materials integrated system at night.Results showed that the the energy storage wall could help reduce the indoor temperature with good energy saving effect.4)Combining the shape,spatial layout,the construction and design method of the new inter-space,a set of design strategies are formed which is beneficial to the application of natural ventilation in the college canteen buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas.The research results constitute a set of technical measures and design methods for the natural ventilation of college canteens in hot summer and cold winter areas.Through the application of the measures and methods,the indoor thermal environment of college canteens in hot summer and cold winter areas can be improved,the pleasant dining environment can be created,and the living quality of college students can be improved with less energy consumption.It provides a certain theoretical basis for the green design of university canteens in hot summer and cold winter areas and the construction of green campus.