Study On Low-carbon Design Of High And Large Space Public Building In Hot-summer And Cold-Winter Area Of China

Carbon emission refers to the Greenhouse gas(GHG)emission dominated by CO₂.A large amount of carbon emissions exacerbates climate change,cause the greenhouse effect,make the global temperature rise,and threatens human survival and sustainable development.Excessive dependence of human activities on fossil energy is the main inducement of carbon emissions.At present,measuring CO₂emissions is the primary and effective way to evaluating the impact of various industries on climate change,the building industry is one of the main carbon emission industries,and the low-carbon development of buildings is the cycle engine leading the low-carbon road in China.There have been relevant achievements in low-carbon design research of buildings now,but there are still some limitations:insufficient attention is paid to low-carbon development of buildings,vague understanding of low-carbon design concept,and more emphasis is paid to the application of relevant low-carbon measures through stacking of related technologies,while the index effect of low-carbon construction is ignored.How to realize the low carbonization of public buildings in the architectural design stage based on the relevant carbon emission quantification index is an important content of this study.High and large space public building is one of the public buildings with the highest carbon emission intensity and has great low carbon potential.Based on the regional characteristics,this paper carries out specific low-carbon design research for high and large space public buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas.Firstly,the theoretical basis related to low-carbon design of buildings is sorted out,through the study of relevant low-carbon evaluation system,the element indexes of low-carbon design of buildings are summarized and implemented.Secondly,the quantification and evaluation methods of carbon emissions in the full life cycle of a building are established,and corresponding auxiliary tools for low-carbon design of buildings are developed.Then the specific researches of low-carbon design of buildings are carried out from the design strategies and technical measures.Finally,the feasibility and effect of the low-carbon design study in buildings are verified through the application of the Teacher Training Center Project of Chengnan New District in Yancheng,Jiangsu Province.The main achievements of this study are as follows:the low-carbon characteristics of buildings and the low-carbon design concept are clarified.The low-carbon design of buildings should take into account all stages of buildings from the perspective of the whole life cycle,including but not equal to the energy-saving design.The low-carbon design of buildings based on CO₂ emission indicators is constructed,and the framework of low-carbon design processes are established preliminarily.Low carbon aspects that should be considered in particular in architectural design include:the use of building materials,the use of energy,the carbon neutralization of vegetation,and the calculation of building CO₂ emissions in life cycle.A quantitative and evaluation analysis method for CO₂ emissions of buildings in the whole life,which is suitable for the design stage,is provided,and a quantitative and evaluation tool for CO₂ emissions of public buildings in the hot-summer and cold-winter area(CEQE-PB HSCW)is developed.Aiming at the public buildings with high and large space in the hot-summer and cold-winter area,the guidance of low-carbon design including design strategies and technical measures is provided.In terms of the practice of the Teacher Training Center Building of Chengnan New District in Yancheng,17 specific low-carbon design measures are adopted,which belong to renewable energy,passive space adjust,active saving technology,green carbon sink system,low-carbon usage of material and low-carbon construction respectively,finally obtaining CO₂ emissions of total project life cycle,project conforms to the CO₂ emissions of benchmark was 45%lower than in 2005 CO₂ emissions reduction target,CO₂emissions than2005 benchmark was reduced by 61%.And it is proved that in the further optimization design,the contribution rate of emission reduction brought by the low-carbon use of building materials can reach 67%.Aiming at the low-carbon design optimization of the whole life cycle of buildings,it is not only necessary to save energy and fix carbon through green planting in the running stage,but also to use building materials in low carbon way.172,000 words approximately,202 illustrations and 85 tables.