Research On The Optimization Theory And Method Of Regionalized Tradable Credit Scheme Based On The Mechanism Of Travel Behavior Influence

As the number of cars continues to increase,the problem of urban traffic congestion becomes more and more serious,and at the same time causes more environmental problems,every city begins to find a demand management strategy that is coordinated with the development of the city.Restricting vehicles and purchases are commonly used method,but it will bring more significant negative effects.Congestion charging strategy has not been implemented in China because it is not fairness.Therefore,a demand management strategy that can solve the fairness problem and achieve efficiency is particularly important.In view of this,based on congestion pricing,restricting vehicles and purchases policies,tradable ideas and practice,this article further improves the theory and practice system of traffic demand management strategy,with a view to alleviat urban traffic congestion and provide new ideas and practical references for future management.In view of this,this research proposed the strategy of regionalized tradable optimization model based on the idea of tradable idea,the right of way strategy,regionalization of traffic control districts as units,and featuring the idea of coupling between travel behavior and policy strategies,and conducted a series of qualitative and quantitative research.The main research contents and research conclusions are shown as follows.First of all,from the perspectives of theoretical feasibility,implementation urgency and necessity,the method of regionalized credits charged method based on traffic analysis zone was demonstrated,and a comparative analysis was made among boundary lines,regions(mostly downtown),travel distance and many other congestion charging methods.Considering the point-line-plane diffusion characteristics of the congestion,the scattered business districts of big cities,the trend of the rise of multiple CBDs,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the congestion,multiple types of businesses coexist in urban areas and complex traveling behavior,a regionalized tradable credits strategy is proposed.As an extended version of congestion charging,it has an advantage of solving traffic congestion problem.In addition,it reflects fairness and can control the total number of trips in the zone.Secondly,a traffic analysis zone division method based on a multi-path spectral clustering algorithm was given.The traffic analysis zones are not only the basis of traffic demand prediction,but also the units of credits charged.A composite model based on entropy weight-TOPSIS was proposed to comprehensively reflect the degree of congestion in the traffic analysis zones that called traffic influence factor index.Four indicators are traffic operation,public transportation development,parking supply and demand,and land development intensity.A comparison table of the traffic influencing factor index and the amount of credits charged in traffic analysis zones was constructed.A method of using gray clustering gray determination method to define the level threshold of traffic influencing factors was proposed to optimal the table,which can improve the convenience and accuracy of practice.Thirdly,the reserach constructed a Nested Logit(NL)model that considers the travel destination,travel mode,and departure time,and used LOGSUM to correlate three layers.The model parameters were calibrated based on the SP+RP survey results.A coupling interaction idea between travel behavior and regionalized tradable credits strategy was constructed.Updating iteration rules for road network operation time and traffic analysis zone credits charged were proposed.OD and road flow convergence criteria were also constructed to ensure model iteration efficiency and accuracy of results.Furthermore,traffic network user equilibrium model and system equilibrium model based on traveler heterogeneity and trip purpose difference,which considered the regionalized tradable credits strategy,were constructed.Two optimization models were constructed based on maximum capacity orientation of the road network and maximization of social welfare,respectively,to solve regionalized tradable credits strategy model.Sensitive analysis method and the direct search method model method with step acceleration and penalty function method were proposed to solve models respectively.The calculation iteration steps and applicability of the model solving methods were explained in detail.Then,a method called cobweb theory was used to evaluate the stability of the regionalized tradable credits strategy.The regionalized tradable strategy(total issued amount,optimal price and traffic analysis zone credits charged)obtained by the optimized model was not an equilibrium strategy,that is,the supply and demand of credits are different,so the system will fluctuate under this optimal price.Supply and demand will change,prices will also fluctuate,and the system will face three scenarios which are converge,diverge,or close.Intervene and adjust the divergent spider web system to ensure the stability of the tradable system.Based on the theory of evolutionary game theory,the system evolution stability is affected by the emergence of a sudden change in the system was studied.The two game groups are the individual traveler and the exchange,and the buyers and sellers.Equilibrium price affected by factors such as the fulfillment rate were calculated.Results shown that the fulfillment rate is closely related to the evolution of the stable state,which will affect the behavior of travelers,as well as the transaction price changes or equilibrium price.And then affect the evolutionary stability of the system.Thus,strengthening supervision and improving the compliance rate is the key to ensure the stable operation of the system.To ensure the stability of the credits market and the trading market,the stability of evolutionary development,as well as the requirements for the standardization and transparency of the trading system,the boundary vehicle identification technology and process of the traffic analysis zones,as well as the blockchain technology-based regionalized tradable credits strategy framework have been constructed,which improves the efficiency and accuracy of the credits collection,ensures the operability of trading ideas,guarantees the performance rate of transactions,and improves the stability of the system.Finally,an example analysis was carried out in a small sub-district in Xi'an,Shaanxi,China.Based on survey data such as traffic and population,the above-mentioned regionalized tradable credits were simulated.The implementation effects of the conventional state(non-regionalized tradable credits strategy)and two goal-oriented road network traffic state strategies were compared and evaluated from three perspectives which are road network stability,road network capacity status and road network stability.In order to ensure the system stable,alleviate traffic congestion and improve the efficiency of road network operation,this study proposed to use the bi-level optimal model results which is maximization of social welfare-oriented model as the practical theory and data basis.