Research And Application Of Morphological Generation For Innovative Spatial Structures

Structural morphology is the science of studying structural forms.By exploring external performance and internal working mechanism,it strives to generate more diverse structural forms,and realizes a kind of structural aesthetic with reasonable,natural and efficient goals.The study of structural morphology can provide ideological source and theoretical basis for structural innovation of spatial structures,and promote our country from a big country to a more powerful country in the aspect of spatial structure.Morphological generation is one of the core contents of structural morphology research,and the main way to apply the corresponding theory.The objective of morphological generation it generate the structural form with both diverse geometry and mechanical rationality.This paper first discusses the key theoretical issues of morphological generation and establishes the basic theoretical framework.Two new methods,for morphological analysis and morphological optimization,are put forward to perfect the basic theory of morphological generation.Subsequently,the morphological generation of four typical free-form spatial structures are studied,which not only expands the structural form but also realizes engineering innovation.The major work of this paper includes the following aspects:1)The basic theoretical framework of morphological generation is established,and some morphological analysis and morphological optimization methods are proposed.Conceptual modeling,morphological analysis and morphological optimization are three important contents in the basic theoretical framework of morphological generation.Conceptual modeling refers to establishing the rudiment of structural form by means of interdisciplinary,learning the laws of nature,and drawing lessons from traditional culture,etc.Morphological analysis includes structural configuration law and parametric description method,as well as load transmission law and rationality evaluation.Morphological optimization includes optimization strategy,optimization model and optimization algorithm.In the research of morphological generation,we should first propose the conceptual model,then analyze the concept model,and finally optimize the structural form based on the analytical results.The basic theoretical framework is also supplemented and improved as follows.An efficiency evaluation method based on force transmission path are proposed,revealing the force transfer process intuitively and enriching the morphological analysis method.Combining the advantages of direct configuration method and progressive optimization method,stage form optimization method is proposed to solve the morphological optimization problem with complex form requirements.2)The morphological generation of Voronoi grid structure is studied.The structural form inspired by geometric configuration often has the novelty and diverse configuration,but its structural performance is relatively weak.Morphological generation of Voronoi grid structure is conducted as an example of this kind of structures.Firstly,the configuration and mechanical characteristics of Voronoi grid structure are analyzed,and a planarization correction method is proposed when Voronoi diagram is transformed into structural grid.Secondly,taking the seed points as the variables,a morphological optimization method is proposed,which can consider the structural behaviors and grid quality at the same time.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by numerical examples.These work provides technical support for the further engineering application of Voronoi grid structures.3)The morphological generation and engineering application of the inverse hanging free-form structure are carried out.Inverse hanging is an ancient and efficient morphological generation method,but its structural geometry is relatively simple owing to its inherent characteristics.Firstly,the geometric features of the inverse hanging surface is analyzed,and it is concluded that the shape of inverse hanging surface can be described by a few of control points.Subsequently,step stiffening method and modulus adjustment method are proposed based on the stage form optimization method,which can realize the morphological optimization of complex inverse hanging structures with multiple control points.Finally,the proposed method is applied to the design of lilac ice bar built in Harbin Stalin Park in 2020,and good architectural effect is obtained.4)Morphological generation and engineering application of reciprocal structures are carried out.Reciprocal style originates from traditional culture,and its application to spatial grid structure can reflect the blend of architectural and structural beauty well.Firstly,the configuration and mechanical characteristics of the reciprocal structure are analyzed,and an efficient parametric description method based on lapping relationship is proposed.Then,a morphological generation,which can consider both geometric constraints and mechanical performance requirements,is proposed based on the stage form optimization method.Subsequently,a new system of suspended reciprocal structure is proposed in order to improve the mechanical performance further,and its efficiency is verified by corresponding experimental test.Finally,the proposed method is applied to the design of the reciprocal structure of Heilongjiang Garden in the Beijing Expo in 2020,which wins the award from the industry society.5)Morphological generation and system innovation of tensegrity structure are carried out.The tensegrity structure is composed of continuous tension members and discontinuous compression members.This special composition makes its structural form obviously different from the conventional spatial structure,leading to that the tensegrity structure is a research hotspot in the field of spatial structure.The existed tensegrity expansion method is only applicable to unidirectional expansion,so the styles of tensegrity structures are limited.Firstly,the configuration characteristics of tensegrity structure are studied in this paper.It is found that tensegrity structure and reciprocal structure have the similarity in geometry.Based on this feature,the rapid modeling and bidirectional expansion of tensegrity structure can be realized,and the styles of tensegrity structures can be enriched.Subsequently,the topology and shape optimization method of bidirectional expansion tensegrity structure is proposed based on the stage form optimization method.Finally,the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by numerical examples.