Research On Influencing Factors And Cracking Mechanism Of Forest Farmer Loan Guarantee Dilemma

Under the "14th Five-Year Plan" period,carbon peak absolute indicators and carbon neutrality vision plan,carbon peak and carbon neutrality promote green life and production,and realize the green development of the whole society,which is triggering a broad and profound systemic change.The structure of China’s forestry industry is undergoing tremendous changes.Forestry development is inseparable from financial support.Currently in the rural financial market,credit demand of forest farmers cannot be effectively met.The problem of forest farmers’ financing has been plagued by relevant government departments,and it is also a hot and difficult point in the academic community.The external environment closely related to forestry financial support also has the problem of "opening up the last mile".Although forest rights mortgage loans which is the most important type of loan for forest farmers credit guarantees in the rural market in China,revitalize forest resources and provide financing for forestry development,they have insufficient development stamina.Rural financial institutions and guarantee institutions are not very enthusiastic in developing forest rights mortgage loans.Most forest farmers fail to meet the guarantee requirements set by banks,and forest farmers generally face "guarantee dilemmas" for loans,and forest farmers often suffer from financial institutions’ "credit constraints" in rural areas.If the problem of forestry financial support in the rural credit market cannot be effectively resolved,it will not only be detrimental to forest farmers’ income increase,forestry development,and expansion of forestry reproduction,but also to promote rural economic development and maintain rural social stability.In this context,this article mainly studies how to solve the forest farmer loan guarantee dilemma,explores the construction of a forest farmer loan guarantee dilemma solution mechanism to alleviate the rural market forest farmer financing problem,and promotes the solution of the imbalance between the supply and demand of credit funds in rural areas.The research of this article broadens the application scope of guarantee theory in the field of forestry finance,enriches the theoretical system of forestry credit guarantee,and also provides theoretical research reference materials for exploring effective ways of forestry financial support in the practice of collective forest tenure reform.It has certain practical guidance Significance,for the development of collective forestry in Heilongjiang Province and other areas dominated by state-owned forests and to solve the problem of forest farmers’ financing difficulties and high financing costs.This article follows the general process of applied economics research of theoretical analysis,empirical analysis and institutional framework design.Taking credit guarantee theory,information asymmetry theory,mechanism design theory,social capital theory,and welfare economics theory as the theoretical basis of this article,after combing through a large amount of literature,drawing on the latest research results such as guarantee theory,social capital theory,mechanism design theory,etc.,with the goal of constructing a cracking mechanism that is in line with current reality and can promote the solution of forest farmers’ loan guarantee dilemma,the logical ideas of this paper are put forward.First,the mathematical deduction method is used to explain the impact of guarantee conditions on the supply and demand of forest farmers’ loans,and from the perspective of multi-party games,the strategy of trust reconstruction of the three economic entities of forest farmers,banks and guarantee institutions is studied.Then,the questionnaire survey data of Heilongjiang Province was analyzed in multiple dimensions and at multiple levels to identify the forest farmers loan guarantee dilemma;The influencing factors of the forest farmer loan guarantee predicament were analyzed by correlation,and the significant factors affecting the forest farmer loan guarantee predicament were found.,the effect of forest farmer loan guarantee dilemma on forest farmers’ output is further analyzed,and the impact of forest farmer loan guarantee dilemma on forest farmers’ welfare level is studied from the perspective of welfare economics.Secondly,on the basis of the research in the previous chapters,the framework system of the cracking mechanism of forest farmers’ loan guarantee dilemma was explored and constructed,and the mechanism operation guarantee mode was designed.Finally,some feasible policy recommendations have been specifically put forward to promote the effective operation of the mechanism.Through research,this article believes that the design of the guarantee system should become an important link between the demand for forest farmers’ loans and the supply of credit by financial institutions,However,restricted by many factors,the strict guarantee conditions set by financial institutions to reduce credit risk have become an important factor hindering forest farmers’ financing.This is a system defect.Strengthening system construction and establishing an effective forest farmer loan guarantee cracking mechanism will increase the level of individual welfare of forest farmers,banks,and guarantee parties.At the same time,effective mechanism design will also increase the overall welfare of society,that is,there is a significant Pareto improvement.The introduction of relevant support policies to encourage guarantee institutions to actively participate in and reasonably share credit risks is the key to the rebuilding of cooperation and trust between banks,forest farmers,and guarantee institutions,which will ultimately be conducive to achieving mutual benefit and win-win results.In addition,informal finance also plays a very important role in the rural financial system,effectively supplementing the lack of formal finance.The existence of informal finance can also promote formal finance to transform its operational awareness and improve service quality and efficiency.By actively guiding the development and accurate positioning of rural informal finance,perfecting the system,and effectively bringing it under supervision,it is conducive to improving the level of transactions in the rural financial market and improving the welfare of rural forest farmers.