Discovery Of Anti-bacterial And Anti-tumor Compounds From Plant And Marine Algae

There is no doubt that natural products have been,and will be,important sources of new pharmaceutical compounds,therefore natural products research continues toward exploring a variety of novel bioactive secondary metabolites from marine seaweeds to develop new drugs by pharmaceutical industry which have the potential to be used for human benefits in the future.Marine algae were also documented as a wide variety of secondary metabolites producers,the metabolites of which have wide range pharmaceutical use as anti-microbial,antifeedant,ani-helmintic and cytotoxic agents and the bioactive substances including alkaloids,polyketides,cyclic peptides,polysaccharides,phlorotannins,diterpenoids,sterols,quinons,lipids and glycerols,thus macro-algae proved itself as an actual producer of natural products.Besides macro-algae,high salt concentration tolerated plants,Calystegia soldanella,family of Convolvulaceae have been used to cure hydropsy,paralysis,rheumatism and scurvy in Portuguese traditional medicines,anti-inflammatory,antiviral,antifungal,anticancer,and analgesic properties,and more specifically,inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphate 1B(PTP1B).The important constituents like resin glycosides and alkaloids are produced by this Plant.In this’study we isolated 10 bioactive compounds from marine plant "Calystegia soldanella" extracts by using different organic solvents.A total of 10 known lignans compounds(+)-Eudesmin(1),Sesangolin(2),Sesamin(3),(1,2-Benzenediol,3-methoxy-5-[(1R,3aS,4R,6aS)-tetrahydro-4-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-)(4),Pinoresinol(5),pluviatilol(6),sesamin-2,2’-diol(7),9-hydroxy-10,12,15-octadecatrienoicAcid Methyl Ester(8)Isofucosterol(9)and 2’-Methoxy-4"-Hydroxymethoxykobusin(10)have been purified from ethyl acetate extract ofCalystegia soldanella.Anti-oxidant assay of all the isolated Compounds from this plant have been done by performing DPPH Radical Scavenging Method and Ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)assay,among which,Compounds 5 and 6 showed strong anti-oxidant property.To study the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Aspergillus TQ67 isolated from Suaeda glauca.The compounds were isolated and purified by ODS reverse phase column,preparative HPLC and HPLC technique and their structures were identified by the physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis.The isolated compounds were aspermutarubrol(1),sydowiols D(2),sydowiols E(3),L-tanuazonic acid(4).(E)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(6’-methylhepi-2’-en-2’-yl)phenol(5),sydonol(6),(7S)-(+)-7-O-methylsydonol(7),and hydroxyl sydonolic acid(8).Compound 2/3 and 1 were different from other compounds and observed with strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of(9.79± 0.33)and(32.30 ± 1.02)Vg/mL by DPPH assay.Furthermore,three interesting compounds,isolated from green algae Cladophora stempsonii,named as Cholestrol(1),N-Phenethylisovaleramide(2)and 2-phenylethylamine(3)and 3-phenylpropionic acid(4).Well plate’s biological activity was performed by examine green algae compound 2 and 3.The green algae compounds 2 showed antibacterial activities against MRSA(8.0 MIC pg/mL),E.coli(4.0 μg/mL),B.subtillis(4,0μg/mL),P.aeruginosa(16.0 μg/mL)and K.pneumonia(2.0 μg/mL)respectively and algae compound 3 exhibited antibacterial activity against same pathogens MRSA(64.0 μg/mL),E.coli(32.0 μg/mL),B.subtillis(64.0 μg/mL),P.aeruginosa(64.0 μg/mL)and K.pneumonia(64.0 pg/mL)respectively.Compound 2 showed strong anti bacterial activity as compared to compound 3.Three compounds from Rubus hirstus thunb,namely Ergosterol,and(+)-5’-Methoxyisolariciresinol 3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and Apigenin 7-O-β-D-pyranglycuronid have been isolated and elucidated with the help of 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR spectrum.(+)-5’-Methoxyisolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside showed moderate cytotoxicity.