A Study On The Semantic Shift Of Chinese Human Body Part Words

Semantic shift,which is based on lexical semantic typology,now is one of the academic hot topics.It covered the synchronic polysemy and historical evolution of semantic evolution,which make it became the subject of language typology and historical linguistics.This paper aimed to introduce the definition,subject attributes and the historical linguistics,language typology,lexicography and so on.Semantic shift included six kinds of types: synchronic polysemy,diachronic semantic evolution,cognates,morphological derivation,borrowing.Finally,with an abundant of the language resources over China,semantic shift would gain a rather development and get a good prospect.The body of this thesis was as follow:intrafield metonymic changes,interfield metonynic changes,intrafield metaphoric changes,interfield metaphoric changes The semantic change of speaker-induced and listener-induced are use-based view.Both begin with semantic innovation,end with semantic change through spread.In the process of communication,semantic innovation is solidified into semantic change.The mechanism in the semantic change of speaker-induced includes metaphor,subjective/intersubjectivization,and sometimes metonymy,where there are ameliorization,pejorization and grammaticalization;the mechanism,which is reanalysis in principle the semantic change of listener-induced includes metonymy,where there are generalization,specialization,popular etymology and semantic change in language contact.