The Economic Research Of Buddhist Temple In Gaochang State

The State of Gaochang is an Important Node on the Silk Road.The rise and fall of Buddhist power and temple economy has always been a hot issue in the study of Turpan's Buddhist history and economic history.Through this study,it is believed that the policy of Buddhism in the early days of the founding of Gaochang State laid the basic trend of Buddhist temple economy.The geography of Buddhism determines the fundamental development model and path of the monastery economy.The Buddhist economic system of Gaochang State and the country's political system and economic system showed two trends that were similar and contradictory.The monastery economy of Gaochang State is dominated by Buddhism.But it also contains economic elements of multiple religions.Their rise,fall and development within the country are supported by certain inevitable factors.The monastery economy of the Gaochang State is dominated by Buddhist monasteries and monks.The various economic activities generated by these two subjects.The basic economic form centered on land management.The nature,quantity,and source of the monastery land are consistent with the secular society.The business categories and methods are also roughly the same.Temple economy has four obvious characteristics: religious,social,closed and regional.The temple internal financial balance of payment,and it also operates a variety of business categories,forming a complete and mature financial management system and financial accounting methods.The country has set up a special monk affairs agency.The monk officials and secular government officials jointly manage the monastery property.The state manages the monastery population through the household registration system and collects taxes according to certain standards,but the collection standards have changed with the economic system.There are obvious social status and property differentiation among the monk groups.Besides the upper and lower levels,there are still middle-class monk groups.Monks are also engaged in their own economic activities outside the temple.They are closely related to the noble families and exist in the daily life of the grassroots society.A high degree of secularization has produced strong social benefits.Monk groups,Monetary payment,National system,Social turmoil and other issues are closely related to the development of the temple economy.They aggravated and eventually led to the "involution" of social patterns and monastic economies.After the Tang Dynasty occupied Turfan,the monastery economy did not "decline".Instead,it gradually transformed in reforms,and finally gradually adapted to the reforms of the new regime and completed self-innovation.Generally speaking,the economic development of Buddhist monasteries in the Gaochang State has experienced the process of its own rise,decline,origin and flow.It's development is a complete chain,forming its own unique economic system.It constitutes a complex social community.