| The worship of Guandi from ancient times to the present is a cultural collection with rich historical significance,which builds personality sense and mentality effect among gods and people.It analyzes Guan Yu's transition from personality to sage and deity,and perceives the emotions and actions of individuals related to the country.Summarizing the psychological and behavioral characteristics of the current believers of Guandi,the goal is to understand the changes and inheritance of the action structure in the personality worship in Chinese society over the past thousands of years.Based on the formation of the heroic Guan Yu's loyal and righteous personality and the edict of the emperors,combined with field research on Guan Temple,Min Temple,and Guanzhuang,a village inhabited by Guan's descendants in Yun City,Shanxi Province,taking the saint worship actors as the research object,by combing the rituals,lifestyles,and interactions of different actors offering sacrifices to Guandi in different spaces,this paper presents the changing process and general laws of the actors' behavior patterns in the sage worship structure.The research mainly engages in a theoretical dialogue with the “action and structure in model ethics” discussed by Weber and related scholars,and further explores whether rationalization and personification are opposite or corresponding parts in the Chinese native Guandi worship model.In the existing researches of Guandi,the exploration of Guan Yu's image in history and literature is common,but less concentrate on the evolution of Guandi's “personality”in the sociological sense.Looking back on the academic concept of “personality” of a loose definition,different disciplinaries bring multiple connotations of “personality”.Psychology usually pays attention to the generation law of individual personality as a psychological fact.The external social and cultural structure is only to help them better understand the generation and development of a certain type of personality.Although the research unit in sociology can be a micro-individual,it is more concerned with the interpretation of the symbolic meaning of personality symbols,the role of personality symbols on the individual personality of the actor and the formation of the plural personality,and the interpretation of the formation mechanism of actions and mentality structures in different cases.The goal is to understand society through “personality”and “social mentality”.This research tries to break through the analysis path of Guandi worship in the past paradigms such as functional theory,cultural theory,and relational theory.It takes individual actors as the analysis unit,and then transfers to the group interaction of the middle view,and responds to the macro view.That is to take “personality-action-order”as the specific analysis framework.In the collision of theory and field,tradition and reality,the paper tries to extract a special type of action in Guandi worship model-“personification action”,which is operationalized into the following four aspects for interpretation: identity,resources and rules,needs,mentality structure.Under the changing resources control and unchanging hierarchical rules,actors in different worship spaces are based on specific identities to meet their needs as the internal driving force for action practice.They practice their own way of actions and shape their personality.Ultimately,the mentality structure,while constituting the personality order,in turn has a certain influence on the actor's personality shaping.Therefore,in the composition of personification action structure,“personality” is the most important motivator that influences this type of action different from others.The “resources” and the “rules” are the two major elements that actions can be structured.Finally,it will further discuss the social influence and emotional order construction of the personification action.Through the personification action,the personality symbols will be transformed into enlightenment resources,local worship resources,and daily moral resources,and finally form a personality-mentality structure and order.Personalized action and action oriented personality in the structure of saint worship unfold in official sacrifices,folk worship,and family ancestor worship.Personality as a kind of moral qualification,constructs a hierarchical personality structure that varies from person to person.The social personalites formed by the actors finally replace the individual personalities.As a result,promoting the cultivation of contemporary civilized society mentality lies in grasping the contemporary connotation of “loyalty” personality,exploring the positive value of Guandi's personality,finding the “personality” of human beings,and realizing the transformation from dependent personality to subjective personality.Inherit the family and country mentality contained in Guandi's personality,to nourish the moral spirit of the people,cultivate the moral personality of the people,and promote social civilization with a civilized mentality. |
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