Research Of The Contemporary China Political Parties Consultation Mechanism

Democracy is the tireless pursuit of people.The history of the development of socialism is also the history of the continuous realization of socialist democracy.In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the resolution of new major social contradictions calls for a broader and truer democracy;the promotion of the modernization of national governance requires the improvement and implementation of democratic system.Party consultation democracy is an important element of socialist democracy,and the party consultation mechanism is a dynamic system for realizing party consultation democracy in China.To clarify the ideological origin,development history and existing problems of China’s party consultation mechanism,and to try to give optimized strategies,is not only a response to the new contradictions in the new era,but also an inevitable requirement to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.There are three main ideological sources for the construction of contemporary party consultation mechanism in China.Marxist ideas of party cooperation and consultation provide the theoretical basis for the construction of China’s party consultation mechanism.The ideas of classic Marxist writers on the basis,motivations,principles and strategies of party cooperation are important ideas guiding the construction of party consultation mechanism in China;the theory of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China and the theory of socialist state governance with Chinese characteristics in Chinese Marxism provide basic guidance for the construction of party consultation mechanism in China today.The traditional Chinese culture’s idea of harmonizing differences to achieve a win-win situation,the people-oriented idea of giving priority to the people,and the golden mean idea of balance and tolerance help cultivate the culture of party consultation,enhance the effectiveness of the education and training mechanism of party consultation,and provide important cultural soil for the construction of the party consultation mechanism in contemporary China.The foreign ideas of consultation democracy,which advocate expanding the scope of consultation and participation,enhancing the equality among consultation subjects,emphasizing the construction of consultation procedures,stressing the responsibility of consultation subjects and valuing the openness of consultation,as well as mechanism design theory,structural functionalism and political communication theory,all provide useful references for the construction of party consultation mechanism in China today.Party consultation mechanism refers to the relationship of mutual constraints and interactions among the constituent elements in the party consultation system and their functions,and is a general term for the party consultation relations that play a role in promoting,coordinating and controlling the process of party consultation.The elements of the party consultation mechanism include the goal,subject,object,intermediary and other elements of party consultation.The different combinations of different elements in space constitute the spatial structure system(form system)of party consultation,and the different combinations of different elements in time sequence constitute the time structure system(procedure system)of party consultation.And the spatial structure system and temporal structure system are combined in time and space according to certain laws and ways to constitute the system of party consultation mechanism.Based on Marxist ideas of party cooperation and consultation,we absorb the factors of traditional excellent consultation ideas,draw on foreign ideas on consultation democracy and theories on the mechanism and construct a "two-dimensional and ten-sided" mechanism analysis model of party consultation from the perspective of "operation-function" in this paper.Based on this model,combined with practical situation,the development history of party consultation mechanism in China can be divided into the embryo stage during the New Democratic Revolution,the preliminary and tortuous stages from the founding of New China to the Cultural Revolution,the recovery and development stage during the new period of reform and opening up,and the maturity stage in the new era.By analyzing this history,we can summarize the important experiences in the construction of party consultation mechanism in China: the correct leadership of the CPC is the indispensable driving force for the construction of party consultation mechanism;the development of party consultation mechanism and party consultation system promote each other;the construction of party consultation mechanism and economic construction complement each other;the construction of party consultation mechanism should always be centered on the central tasks of the country.This provides an important reference for the further development and improvement of the party consultation mechanism in the new era.In the new era,there are still some problems with the party consultation mechanism in China.In terms of structure,the established motivation mechanism,preparation mechanism,consensus reaching mechanism and result feedback mechanism for party consultation are not sound,and the mechanism for result implementation and evaluation mechanism are missing;the existing mechanism for informed political discussion,investigation and research mechanism,working contact mechanism and education and training mechanism are not sound,and the legal guarantee mechanism is missing.As a result,China’s party consultation mechanism does not function smoothly and its operation function is not fully exercised,which is mainly reflected in insufficient motivation for party consultation,inadequate preparation for consultation,poor quality of consensus reaching,inadequate implementation of consultation results,and insufficient self-awareness and self-optimization ability of consultation.On one hand,we should optimize the internal operation mechanism of party consultation.We should clarify the common basic interests among political parties,strengthen the construction and publicity of the goal system of party consultation,so as to strengthen the internal motivation mechanism of party consultation;further determine the subject and object of party consultation according to the goal system,and then further strengthen the awareness of the subject of party consultation to the object according to the determined subject and object,determine the way of party consultation,i.e.determine and improve the form of party consultation and its corresponding procedures,and make preparations of related hardware and software;we should choose different ways of consensus reaching according to different forms of consultation;we should improve the feedback mechanism of the results of party consultation and establish the implementation mechanism of the results,especially the evaluation mechanism of party consultation,so as to make up the basic "parts" of the internal operation mechanism of party consultation.On the other hand,we should optimize the guarantee mechanism of party consultation.We should promote the openness of government affairs,enhance the sense of "community of interests" and optimize the direct and indirect transmission of "political information",so as to optimize the mechanism for informed political discussion.We should highlight the subjectivity of democratic parties and standardize the procedures of the mechanism of key investigation and research of democratic parties,so as to optimize the mechanism of key investigation and research of democratic parties.We should optimize the mechanism of general investigation and research of democratic parties by optimizing the purpose and topics of investigation and research and strengthening the guarantee of investigation and research.We should strengthen the working links between the CPC,the administrative system,the judicial system,the supervisory system and democratic parties and personages without party affiliation to improve the working links mechanism.We should improve the education and training procedures of party consultation and study meeting procedures on special training platforms to improve the education and training mechanism.We should establish a legal guarantee mechanism to promote the transformation of party consultation from "consultation according to system" to "consultation according to law".