Research On Mechanisms Of Land Leasing Marketization On Green Total Factor Productivity

Since the reform and opening up in 1978,China's economy has experienced rapid growth by relying on the extensive development mode of high investment,high energy consumption and high emissions.However,the problems of resources shortage and environmental pollution are becoming increasingly prominent with the long-term accumulation of the extensive growth mode,which brings severe threats and challenges to the sustainability of China's economy and society,and also causes widespread concerns around the world.For the whole society,the goal of economic growth needs to be transferred from the increase of the amount of economy to the improvement of economy quality.We should pay attention not only to the expand of total economic amount,but also the effort to transform to the resource-saving and environmentfriendly society.In this context,green sustainable growth has become an inevitable choice for changing the economic development mode,and becoming a research topic for many scholars and government policy makers.From the perspective of land resources,land plays the role of the carrier for social and economic activities,which can support and bear production activities as a whole.As land policy has gradually become one of the important means for the government to carry out macro-control policies,land system and its allocation will be extremely important in China' s macroeconomic operation.Therefore,the study of how the allocation system of land factor affects the growth of green economy is helpful to clarify and reveal the potential connection and internal logic between the policy of land resources allocation and green sustainable development in China,and explore the green sustainable development path with China' s national conditions from the perspective of land system.Starting from the urban land transfer system,this paper focuses on the impact mechanism of land leasing marketization on green total factor productivity(green TFP).Based on the relevant theories and literature of land leasing and green TFP,this paper constructs the theoretical mechanisms of land leasing marketization on green TFP from three aspects of scale effect,composition effect and allocation effect,and then relevant econometric models has been built for empirical research to testify the theoretical mechanisms before.Firstly,this paper measures and analyzes the development level of land leasing marketization and green TFP in 30 sample provinces from 2004 to 2016,and investigates its overall characteristics,regional characteristics and temporal change laws from two dimensions of regional horizontal and temporal vertical.It is found that the horizontal difference of land leasing marketization is obvious during the research period,while the three provinces,ie.,Jiangxi,Shandong and Henan are relatively higher,and Hebei,Shanxi and Inner Mongolia are relatively lower than others.The time trend of land leasing marketization can be divided into three stages.From 2004 to 2007,the level of land leasing marketization in China was low,even slightly decreased.From 2007 to 2008,the level increased rapidly,and after 2008,the level of land leasing marketization gradually increased steadily,reaching more than 0.85 at the end of the research period.From the perspective of regional characteristics of green TFP,the eastern provinces are significantly higher than the western and central provinces,among which Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shandong are significantly higher than other provinces.From the perspective of vertical development,the eastern,central and western regions have shown a gradual rise in green TFP,and the eastern region has a relatively higher rising rate in the period from 2004 to 2016.Based on the perspective of scale effect,this paper constructs proxy variables of scale effect from input and output,and uses the intermediary effect model to investigate the intermediary effect of investment scale and output scale on the impact of land leasing marketization on green TFP.It is found that land leasing marketization significantly promotes the green TFP through the influence mechanism of scale effect.From the index of investment scale,the intermediary effect of land leasing marketization through investment scale is 0.002.And from the index of output scale,the intermediary effect of land leasing marketization through the influence mechanism of output scale is 0.009,but unfortunately,it's not significant.This is probably because the “crowding out” and “promoting increase” of local investment by the marketoriented land leasing strategy of local government.Based on the perspective of composition effect,this paper measures the indicators of industrial structure from two dimensions of rationalization and optimization of industrial structure.On the basis of analyzing the theoretical mechanism of marketoriented land leasing affecting the evolution of industrial structure and then acting on green TFP,this paper constructs a theoretical model containing land leasing marketization,industrial structure and green TFP.And then the empirical study is conducted with the interaction term model,further in view of the heterogeneity characteristics of regional industrial development in China,regional heterogeneity test is also carried out.The results show that the interaction between land leasing marketization and the rationalization of industrial structure has a significant inhibitory effect on the green TFP,as well as the optimization of industrial structure on the national level.While on the regional level,the interaction between land leasing marketization and the rationalization of industrial structure has a inhibitory effect on the green TFP,which is shown as “the higher in the west,followed by the central and the east”.However,the interaction between land leasing marketization and the optimization of industrial structure has the highest inhibitory effect on green TFP,the regional variations of which show the decreasing trend from the eastern region to the western and central regions.Based on the perspective of allocation effect,this paper constructs the regional resource mismatch index from the allocation of capital and labor factors,takes the regional resource allocation as the influence mechanism,and uses the panel threshold model to empirically examine the stage difference of the influence of land leasing marketization on regional resource allocation and then influence on green TFP.The results show that the relationship among land leasing marketization,resource allocation and green TFP is not linear,but there is a single threshold feature with resource allocation as the threshold variable.When the degree of regional resource mismatch is lower than the threshold,the implementation of land leasing marketization will contribute to the improvement of green TFP.On the other hand,while the degree of regional resource mismatch is higher than the threshold,land leasing marketization will inhibit the development of green TFP.Finally,the relevant research conclusions of each chapter are summarized,and specific policy recommendations are put forward.Combined with the specific research process of each chapter,some shortcomings of this paper are proposed,and research directions in the future are also put forward in the last part.