| China is one of the biggest countries which attract FDI from the whole world.There is a strong tie between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration in China.However dispute remains in academic and industrial fields whether FDI could play an active role in the development of the manufacturing industry agglomeration.There is also quite unsure about the impact and mechanism of the linkage effect between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration.Further more,researches on the dynamic development of the above two still wasn't enough.Under the new situation which,global industrial chain reconstructed,the flow and layout of FDI changed,domestic structure readjusted and manufacturing industry agglomeration upgraded,a study on the linkage effect,periodic evolution,mechanism of the dynamic development between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration would help give new evidences to ease the dispute,provide more research findings on industry agglomeration,while promote the transiting and upgrading of the manufacturing industry agglomeration at the end.Aiming to promote the development of manufacturing industry agglomeration,this essay collects FDI and the manufacturing industry samples from 264 cities of prefecture level or above in Chinese mainland during 1999-2015.Targeting in revealing the inner mechanism of the linkage effect between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration,this research takes a further step from the current hot spots of technical innovation,by applying a pioneered quantitative research to the three progressive stages of the technical convergence,product and business convergence and the market convergence.Then it continues to discuss the spatial evolution for each stage and analyzes the tendency and direction for the upgrading and evolution of the manufacturing industry agglomeration.At the end,this essay summarizes the law of the development for convergence,and gives countermeasures as solutions.As for study method,it expands the traditional index of the agglomeration,combining the econometric analyses with the geographical spatial research.In establishing the measuring indexes for the effect of the periodic convergence,and building the panel models and spatial econometric models,this research provides a new analysis method to the linkage effect between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration with quantitative and visualized measures.The results show:(1)The manufacturing industry agglomeration in China is closely related to FDI.It has spatial relevant between FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration,and the typical areas of agglomeration are locating in the six provinces and cities including Shandong,Jiangsu,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Fujian and Guangdong,which leads to the tendency of “disperse-concentrated-shrink” for the distribution.Therefore,actions to solve dispersing problems need to be taken quickly.(2)Metrology research for the three stages of the industrial convergence reveals that:it comes into being technical convergence and products and business convergence between FDI and the industrial agglomeration.What's more,it has the potential of marketing convergence.The three stages of the industrial convergence are of the important direction of development and evolution for FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration.Beside,the FDI from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan plays the direct role for the development of the technique;while the FDI from the foreign enterprises plays long-term effect to the development of the manufacturing industry agglomeration.And the main proportion of the FDI from the foreign enterprises is taken by the horizontal type,which can play more effective role to promote the development of the industrial convergence.(3)The spatial analyzation from the 3 stage effect of convergence shows: FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration have a “disperse-concentrated-shrinkre-concentrated” tendency.The re-concentrating is the developing direction after upgrading.The area which has the higher degree of convergence has bigger chance to become the core re-concentrating area.Under the effect of technical convergence,the manufacturing agglomeration gradually shows a trend of making the area of the high technical convergence value as the core,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta have embodied the effect of the technical convergence,while some other areas which didn't show an obvious effect of the technical convergence,have become the followers.Under the effect of the product and business convergence,Jiangsu,Shanghais and Guangdong becomes the core area of high-value,where advantageous industries coveres both light and heavy industries,under the condition of taking the chain development for industries and the situation of the correlated development of industrial cluster in those regions.Under the effect of market convergence,the heterogeneous industries show an obvious structure around Shanghai and Guangzhou,but fail in getting a remarkable link for spatial distribution.Based on these studies,the conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The higher the degree of the convergence of FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration,the faster the upgrading of the manufacturing agglomeration becomes;the stronger the core competitiveness grows,the better the development of the surrounding region gets.On the other hand,the slower the development turns,the lower area convergence degree becomes,a weaker agglomeration tendency emerges,posing a trend of “leader-follower” pattern on evolution and distribution between high-value area and the lower value area.(2)The convergence with the horizontal type of FDI is a driving power which can forward the spatial evolution from weakening to re-concentrating and accelerate the upgrading of the manufacturing agglomeration.The technical convergence,the product and business convergence and the market convergence are the must stages in deepening the linkage effect and promoting the development.(3)The general law of the joint development on FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration is: The technical convergence is an innovation network which takes the technical linkage as foundation to promote the integration of the advanced essential factors.Based on the technical convergence,products and business convergence achieves a cross-boundary convergence by forward and backward linkages to set up a industrial linkage platform.And the market convergence which leads to the integration of the trans-boundary in the different industries is based on the technical convergence,products and business convergence,which promotes the outcome of the new products,the growth of the industry,and the formation of the new industry.(4)Therefore,the countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the positive evolution for FDI and the manufacturing industry agglomeration are concluded as follows.For the stage of the technical convergence,it is necessary to give correct guidance to the FDI of horizontal type so that it can be internalized,and then strengthen the construction of the innovative platform.For the stage of the products and business convergence,the principal thing is to promote the reforming and upgrading of the industrial chain,push the disposition of the advanced essential factors of region,and boost the transfer of industry.For the stage of the marketing convergence,it is important to adjust regulate and limit,strengthen the cooperation with the emerging industries based on the industrial chain,and boost the sustained innovative platform. |
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