Research On Green Total Factor Productivity Of Yangtze River Economic Belt From Perspective Of Land

Under the new normal of China’s economic development,improving the level of green total factor productivity(GTFP)is the ideological basis for guiding the green transformation of regional economy.GTFP is a concrete manifestation of regional economic quality.Promoting regional economic growth with green technological progress is of great significance in promoting regional high-quality development.The Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)is one of the major national strategic regions.Its land resources are particularly special and play an important role in the economic and social development.Land resource is considered in the estimation of GTFP,which can better reflect the reality of the YREB.Therefore,from the perspective of land,this thesis focuses on the calculation,characteristics and influencing factors of GTFP in the YREB which considering land factors by using the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.On the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research,this thesis puts forward a series of policy suggestions to promote the level of GTFP in the YREB based on the principles of ecological priority and green development.It has reference value for improving the quality of regional economic growth and promoting the transformation of green low-carbon utilization of urban land resources.The main research contents of this thesis are as follows:Firstly,this thesis comprehensively sorts out the core concepts related to GTFP,including sources of economic growth,resource and environmental constraints,and comprehensive watershed management,and takes these concise summaries as the theoretical basis of the study.Secondly,the current situation of production factors and energy consumption,economic and social development conditions and ecological environment protection in the YREB are objectively analyzed.So as to grasp the general situation of the study area of the YREB and provide an objective basis for the research.Thirdly,land factor is included in the calculation of GTFP in the YREB,which are obtained by using super efficiency SBM—DEA model and GML index method from the provincial level and prefecture level respectively.According to the results,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics are analyzed.Fourthly,based on the perspective of land factors,this thesis uses Propensity Score Matching combined with Differences-inDifferences method(PSM-DID)to empirically test the impact of macro policies of YREB on inter provincial GTFP.Through the construction of spatial geographical weight matrix,spatial measurement method and panel threshold model are used to analyze the spatial effect and threshold effect of land factor on urban GTFP.Fifthly,based on qualitative analysis and empirical test conclusions,policy recommendations to promote the level of green total factor productivity are proposed.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows:Firstly,the overall efficiency value of GTFP in the YREB at the provincial level showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2019.The GML index of GTFP shows up and down fluctuation trend.Among them,the technological progress rate increased by 1.12%,the pure technological progress and the change of scale efficiency decreased by 2.85%and 0.9% respectively,and the spatial distribution showed the characteristics of ’ high in the East and low in the West ’.From 2003 to 2018,the GTFP of the YREB at the urban level showed a fluctuating trend,with an average growth of 8.33 percentage points.During the sample period,more than 50% of the cities grew positively,the technical scale value increased by 5.3%,and the technical progress value increased by 0.4%.The spatial aggregation of medium and high efficiency area is gradually enhanced.Secondly,the provincial GTFP has not been directly affected by the implementation of macro strategies from the YREB,but in the long run,it is affected by the dynamic lag of macro policies.Without considering the control variables,the macro strategy of the YREB promotes the GML index of GTFP.At the same time,there are regional differences in the impact of macro policy on GTFP,which has not yet had an indigenous effect on the upstream region,and has an inhibitory effect on the growth rate of GTFP in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,but has a promoting effect on the growth rate of GTFP in the downstream region.In terms of other influencing factors,regional transportation level and regional financial development level play a promoting role in the improvement of GTFP,but the increase in regional energy consumption intensity has significantly reduced regional GTFP.Thirdly,there is a significant spatial correlation between land factors and GTFP at the urban level in the YREB.The expansion of urban land scale significantly inhibits GTFP,while the economic benefits of urban land significantly promote it.In terms of regional differences,the variable of urban land scale has an inhibitory effect on the GTFP in the whole domain YREB,but the economic benefit of urban land has a positive effect on the GTFP of the middle and lower reaches,and has a negative effect on that of the upper reaches.In other factors,urban GTFP is also significantly affected by industrial structure upgrading,environmental regulation,per capita GDP,science and technology investment,per capita wage level and population density.Fourthly,there is a nonlinear relationship between urban land factor and GTFP.When the threshold variable is the intensity of environmental regulation and the per capita wage level,the influence of land factor on green total factor productivity has a double threshold effect.When the threshold variable is environmental regulation intensity or per capita wage level,the influence of land factor on GTFP has double threshold effect.Among them,the inhibition effect of urban land scale endowment on GTFP is weakened with the increase of environmental regulation intensity or the increase of per capita wage level.The promotion of urban land economic benefits to green total factor productivity is significantly enhanced under the regulation of environmental regulation intensity,while at the same time,it gradually weakens with the increase of per capita wage level.When population density is the threshold variable,the land factor has a single threshold effect on GTFP.After the threshold of population density has been crossed,the inhibitory effect of urban land scale endowment on GTFP is gradually strengthened,and the impact of urban land economic benefit endowment on GTFP is a positive "U-shaped" nonlinear relationship which first inhibition and then promotion.Based on theoretical and empirical research,the possible innovations of this thesis are as follows: Firstly,considering the land factor into the traditional GTFP,it enriches the input variables of GTFP measurement.Secondly,under the same research framework,the provincial level and urban level of the YREB are considered at the same time,and the temporal and spatial differences of GTFP at the two levels are analyzed from the same angle.Thirdly,the relationship between land factor and GTFP is analyzed from the perspective of spatial correlation.The results show that there is a nonlinear relationship and threshold effect between land economic benefit and GTFP.The research conclusion adds empirical evidence to the research on GTFP in the YREB.