Parametric Simulation-based Middle And Low-rise Residential Building Climate Responsive Design And Optimization Study

Building energy waste is one of the major challenges facing the world today.In recent years,different countries around the world have successively proposed standards and targets for building energy efficiency design.Schematic design is an important stage to realize energy-saving buildings.The focus on energy-saving design is different between the schematic design stage and the subsequent stage.The preliminary stage of the schematic design stage pays more attention to the interaction and influence between the building and the environmental factors.As the design process progresses,the subsequent stage gradually shifts the focus to the interior mechanical system level.Whereas most architects currently are difficult to make energy-saving design decisions at this stage,because they have a lack of the necessary analysis methods.The thesis proposes a climate responsive design method for middle and low rise residential buildings based on parametric simulation,in order to establishing a multivariable and multi-objective correlation parameter analysis framework for typical cities in different climate regions with different climatic characteristics.This research use multi-objective optimization as a preliminary analysis approach for building energy-saving passive design,taking indoor lighting and thermal environment comfort,building energy demand and building life cycle cost as the objective functions,to provide residential buildings with a series of energy-saving design suggestions,and summarize the energy-saving design laws for typical cities in different climate zones.The thesis first analyzes the climate characteristics of five typical cities in China,i.e.Harbin,Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and Kunming,then establishes a residential building climate responsive optimization process for indoor lighting and thermal environment comfort,building energy demand and building life cycle cost.After that,the parametric model and meteorological parameters of 5 typical cities are used for optimization and then comparison from three parts of architectural form design,indoor space form design and envelope design,in order to demonstrating the form and envelope design parameters have an energy-saving effect.Then the key elements are compared with the residential buildings energy-saving design standards in various climate zones in China in order to proposing guidelines for energy-saving design from the perspective of the public sector(energy saving optimal solution)and private households(cost-effectiveness optimal solution).Based on the above research,this research proposes an integrated multi-objective multi-variable optimization analysis framework for the schematic design stage.The building form and envelope design parameters are integrated analyzed for establishing middle and low-rise residential buildings performance prediction model.Then,by extracting 3 different building types and 3 envelope design conditions,the performance indexes of low-and middle-rise residential buildings under 5 typical urban climate conditions are compared,and the lighting environment,thermal environment,building energy demand and life cycle cost of residential buildings with different morphological parameters and envelope design parameters in various cities are summarized.Finally,the practical value and operability of the design optimization method are verified through real projects.The research provides specific analysis methods and practical tools for building design to ensure thermal environment comfort,lighting environment comfort,low energy demand and low life cycle cost.The design optimization method can inspire and guide the climate responsive analysis and design process of middle and low-rise residential buildings in China,which enhances the architect’s understanding of the energy-saving design principles,strengthens the significance of the building energy-saving design,and allows architects to have methods and cases to follow in the actual design operation process.