| The treetop walkway is a new form of overhead urban mountain trails and greenway connecting urban mountain and park.It is also a solution to the high-capacity and high-intensity construction brought about by the rapid development of cities.In 2016,Fuzhou introduced and built a new treetop style footpath in China,“Fu forest trail”.Since it was opened to the public,"walking forest trail and climbing city"has become a daily choice of fitness and recreation for more and more citizens.As a product of urban mountain protection and greenway construction,"Fu forest trail"has important practical significance for solving the"city-view"relationship and the limitation of urban mountain greenway construction.Taking Fuzhou"Fu forest trail"as a case,this study aims to solve the poor quality of the landscape and improve the service capacity of Jinniu mountain,the model of landscape evaluation has been constructed from three levels:the selection of the view point,the quantification of the visual landscape and the analysis of the regional demand.The guiding and optimization strategy has been puts forward in this study,which is of significance to ensure the wide and smooth vision of the tourists,for the orderly and beautiful vertical landscape,and promote the human recreational experience and well-being.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The view of overlook as a kind of the vertical design in the overall planning,and the fifth facade of the city from a high perspective has been show from the high view.Therefore,the perception of"seeing"in the treetop walkway recreation and identifies the existing problems has been studied,so as to provide foundation for further coordination of"city landscape"relationship and landscape control and optimization strategy.Based on it,Three gradient evaluation ideas has been puts forward,which are"view point selection","visual quantitative evaluation"and"regional demand matching analysis".(2)The determination of the view point through scientific and quantitative methods is decisive for the quantitative evaluation of the treetop walkway.Therefore,according to the Fuzhou“City Double Repair”planning guide,The Jinniu Mountain as the key research area,through questionnaire collection,starting from the spatial relationship between the building and the mountain,and based on the theory of visual perception preference,making mathematical statistics and quantitative analysis according to the preferences of the public.Finally,according to the results and site investigation,the No.10,No.12,No.5,No.21,No.46and No.58 has been selected as the optimal observation points.(3)On the basis of GIS,The visibility of treetop walkway in Fuzhou has been analyzed.First,A three-dimensional city model of the study area are built,and the static visibility,skyline and dynamic recreational visibility of the whole road of the treetop footpath has been studied.The results show that the largest visible area of No.21 observation point in Minjiang area is 2.8269/km~2,and the visibility of the whole treetop walkway is relatively high,The visible area is 19.1952 km~2,accounting for 40.6%of the whole research area.People can better appreciate and identify the urban architecture and mountain in the process of treetop footpath observation.(4)The results of skyline evaluation based on three indexes of silhouette complexity,variance and fractal dimension show that:The influence range of the maximum points of the wave of the six points is below0.28W,and the the skyline height difference is mostly between 0.11H and0.22H,which indicates that the change degree of the high point buildings is generally flat;Secondly,the results of variance analysis show that the skyline of No.46 in the West Lake area is relatively ideal,and the ratio of the three levels is 2.5:2:1;Finally,the box counting dimensions of the six skylines are mostly in the normal level of China’s medium cities,ranging from 1.133 to 1.182.On the whole,the skyline of Daru area is faced with the fact that the height difference of the building groups is not obvious,the distribution of the skyline levels in Minjiang is uneven,and the skyline fluctuation degree in the West Lake area are good,but there is a lack of landmark buildings.The overall view of"Fu forest trail"is in good condition,but the quality of the skyline is general.The reason for the preliminary analysis may be that the obstruction of sight and the disorderly development and construction of some buildings not leading to form a beautiful skyline.(5)People’s demand for treetop walkway drives the development of mountain greenway.Therefore,The attraction of landscape resources and the matching demand in Fuzhou has been discussed.By using network analysis,multiple factor evaluation and overlay analysis,the attraction of mountain greenway and the matching of urban space are studied.The results show that the area with high attraction are mainly connected with the urban natural resources and the historical point.There are 21%area match the actual demand;33%are more attractive than the demand;45%of area are less attractive than the demand.The densely distributed areas in cities have higher demand for mountainous greenways.At the same time,the areas with high demand are mostly urban old,commercial and residential land.(6)This paper puts forward the ideas and strategies for the optimization of the observation points and treetop walkway of Jinniu mountain.Firstly,on the basis of the existing route,the suitability map has been obtained through GIS multi-factor analysis and weighted method,and overlapped the analysis of the landscape attraction.Finally,according comprehensive results.There are 4 potential outlooks A1,A2,A3 and A4 has been chosen.Among them,point A1 is connecting the entrance and exit of Guoguang Park and Jinniu west station,point A2 is the display culture platform,and points A3 and A4 are the view points connecting Hou Xian road and Meifeng mountain park.(7)Taking the potential observation point as the data of the trail,the best path of the trail has been obtained through the analysis,and finally four branch lines of Jinniu treetop trail connecting the observation points of B1-B4 are obtained.Among them,B1 and B3 are connecting the west station in Minjiang area and Meifeng Park,B2 is connecting the A2 view point and cultural facilities,and B4 is the path connecting the entrance of Hou Xian road.The purpose of this study is to solve the problems of poor visual landscape and insufficient service,so as to achieve the ideal goal of reasonable design and development,protection of public visual landscape,improvement of living environment,improvement of urban quality and shaping of urban memory. |
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