| The Industry 4.0 strategy(the fourth industrial revolution)is an opportunity for the development and improvement of the instrumentation industry.The mass spectrometry technology has attracted much attention as a representative of high-end analysis and detection technology in instrumentation.Among them,the development of the ion source,which is called the"heart"of the mass spectrometer by Cooks,the top international scholar of mass spectrometry,is very important.Also the atmospheric direct ionization technology with higher ionization efficiency and wide applicability to sample morphology has become a research hotspot in recent years.With the development of society and economy,the rapid on-site disposal of emergencies has put forward higher requirements for detection instruments represented by mass spectrometry.It is worth noting that in March 2022,the"Technical Specifications for Emergency Monitoring of Environmental Emergencies"(HJ 5889-2021)that issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China in March 2022 clearly stipulates that on-site testing instruments should have high sensitivity,wide sample applicability,accurate qualitative and rapid response and other performance characteristics.At present,the mainstream on-site detection instrument gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is difficult to meet the higher requirements put forward by the above specification for its long single detection time and poor sample applicability.It is imminent to develop an on-site rapid analysis and detection mass spectrometer with second-level rapid response,high sensitivity,and accurate MS~n qualitative capability.Based on this,this paper carried out research on a novel atmospheric pressure plasma ionization source combined with the the atmospheric pressure corona and microwave plasma torch.On this basis,a smart ion trap mass analyzer with MS~n function was used to develop a novel atmospheric pressure composite plasma ionization source-miniature ion trap mass spectrometer for on-site emergency detection,and carried out a number of applied methodological researches such as environmental monitoring and food safety.The main achievements and innovations achieved are as follows:1.A novel Atmospheric Pressure Composite Plasma Ionization Source(APCPI)was designed and developed.The new ionization source hardware consists of the atmospheric pressure corona source(Atmospheric Corona Ion Source,APCI)and the microwave plasma torch(Microwave Plasma Torch,MPT).The composite ion source improves the ionization efficiency and application range of the original single ion source,and has the characteristics of wide applicability to gas,liquid and solid samples.At the same time,a new multiphysics simulation model of the APCPI is constructed.We carry out simulation research on parameters such as APCPI voltage,carrier gas flow rate,and vacuum at the entrance of the mass spectrometer on the basis of the multi-physics field formed by the coupling of APCI high-voltage electric field and MPT fluid field.The simulation results of APCPI electric field distribution and flow field distribution show that APCPI has higher ionization efficiency and transmission efficiency(transmission of ion beam from the ion source to the mass spectrometry interface under atmospheric pressure state).2.A new method based on APCPI for the rapid analysis and detection of six pesticides and four steroids in urban waters without sample preparation and in seconds was developed.The method employs APCPI coupled with a commercial Orbitrap orbital ion trap mass spectrometer,direct injection and analysis of atrazine,imidacloprid,dimethoate,profenofos,chlorpyrifos,dichlorvos samples in solution and progesterone,nandrolone,androstenedione,and methyltestosterone in urban waters are carry out.The experimental results show that this method does not require any sample pretreatment,the detection time of a single sample is less than 20seconds,the detection sensitivity can reach the ppt level,and the RSD is less than 10%.It is expected to become an on-site rapid analysis method for the pesticide residue detection and the environmental water pollution detection.3.A novel atmospheric pressure composite plasma ionization source-miniature ion trap mass spectrometer(APCPI-Trap-MS)for on-site emergency detection was developed.The mass spectrometer is composed of the APCPI and a small ion trap mass spectrometer with an atmospheric pressure interface.The size of the whole machine is less than 50 cm×30 cm×50 cm.The performance test and optimization experimental results of caffeine and other samples by APCPI-Trap-MS instrument show that,the instrument can achieve more accurate qualitative analysis of the MS~nmodel,the mass resolution is close to 1 amu,the detection time of a single sample is less than 20 seconds,and the mass range is 10-500 amu,the performance index of the whole machine basically reaches or partially exceeds the similar commodity homemade or abroad instruments,and meets the needs of on-site rapid detection and analysis.4.Developed new qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for rapid emergency detection of the benzene in gas,the enrofloxacin in solution and the"clenbuterol"on solid surface based on APCPI-Trap-MS instrument.Application test experiments show that the analysis method is simple and fast,does not require sample pretreatment,has the function of MS~n multi-level spectrum analysis,can complete the detection of a single sample within 20seconds,and has a detection limit of ppb level,which can be developed into a rapid on-site detection and analysis method in the fields of environmental monitoring and food safety. |
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