The Research On Impact Of Catch-up Oriented Innovation Policy On Enterprise’s Technological Capability

The rise of emerging industries provides a window of opportunity for Chinese enterprise’s technological capability catch up.However,China has multiple constraints in the emerging industries compared with developed countries,such as institutional disadvantage and market cognitive disadvantage,and is faced with more serious system failure.Enterprises cannot complete the technological capability catch up by their own strength,and the government needs to play a certain role in the process of enterprise’s technological capability catch up.However,the existing technology innovation policy research mainly guided by the market failure theory,argued that the government can guide the government and market resources to gather in specific industries through fiscal subsidies,tax incentives and other policy measures,which can effectively solve the problem of insufficient R&D investment of enterprises,but there are certain deficiencies in solving the broader system failure problem.Mission oriented innovation policy guided by system failure theory is a new policy paradigm which is deal with the significant social challenges “such as urgent,difficult,risks,and heavy” scientific problems.Catch-up oriented innovation policy is the application of mission oriented innovation policy in the late-development country,can provide new solution for enterprise’s technological capability catch up.At present,the research on catch-up oriented innovation policy is still in its infancy,and scholars have not reached a consensus on the structural dimensions of catch-up oriented innovation policy,and the research on policy mechanism and transmission path is insufficient,which is difficult to provide substantial theoretical guidance for the government to accurately formulate and implement catch-up oriented innovation policy.Based on the above practical problems and theoretical gaps,this paper focuses on the research theme of "The relationship between catch-up oriented innovation policy and enterprise’s technological capability" and takes China’s strategic emerging industries as the research object to study Four key issues such as "what is the catch-up oriented innovation policy","how does the catch-up innovation policy affect the enterprise’s technological capability","what is the transmission path of the catch-up oriented innovation policy effect on the enterprise’s technological capability",and "what effect does the catch-up oriented innovation policy have on enterprises technological capability" which are obey the progressive research logic of "policy combination—policy mechanism—transmission path—impact effect".This paper aims to explore the relationship between catch-up oriented innovation policy and enterprise’s technological capability,reveal the law of catch-up oriented innovation policy effect on enterprise’s technological capability.The specific research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper identifies the structural dimensions and the fitting relationship between policy elements for catch-up oriented innovation policy.We find that the catch-up oriented innovation policy is an organic whole formed by policy intention,policy action and policy guarantee.Policy intention guides the direction of policy action,which is mainly composed of objective traction and path design.Policy action is the main measure to realize policy intention,including main policy tool for cultivating enterprise,policy tool for constructing infrastructure,policy tool for building capability,policy tool for creating market;Policy guarantee provides conditional support for policy action,including policy tool for institutional strategy,policy tool for providing innovation elements and policy tool for organizational building.The combination of policy intention,policy action and policy guarantee provides a complete policy toolbox for perfecting the function and structure of technological innovation system and overcoming system failure.(2)This paper reveals the mechanism for catch-up oriented innovation policy on enterprise’s technological capability.Research findings,The mechanism of catch-up oriented innovation policy is including the direct effect of policy combination and the indirect effect of policy combination by means of cultivating of technological innovation system.The policy combination of policy tool for building capability and policy tool for cultivating enterprises and their effect on R&D oriented technology innovation system form the policy incentive mechanism;The policy combination of policy tool for creating market,policy tool for constructing infrastructure and policy tool for institutional strategy,and their effect on diffusion oriented technology innovation system formed the policy forcing mechanism;The policy combination of policy tool for creating market,the remolding of policy tool for institutional strategy and their effect on open oriented technological innovation system form the market competition mechanism.The different policy mechanism have different suitable stage.In the entry stage,the policy incentive mechanism is most suitable;In the gradual catch-up stage,policy forcing mechanism is most suitable;In the forging ahead stage,competition mechanism is most suitable.Policy intention is the driving condition that promotes the continuous transformation of policy mechanism with the catch-up stage.As the catchup stage changes from the entry stage to the gradual catch-up stage and then to the forging ahead stage,policy intention has successively experienced the continuous evolution of "independent and controllable","safe and efficient" and "global leading".In this process,the government has play the roles of "innovation initiator","innovation accelerator" and "competition amplifier" respectively.(3)This paper reveals the transmission path of the impact catch-up oriented innovation policy on enterprise’s technological capability.The results show that the catch-up oriented innovation policy can promote the industry chain related enterprises,innovation chain related institutions,and service chain related institutions to form an incentive and compatible actor network around the focus enterprises and promotes the improvement of enterprise’s technological capability.Among them,the innovation participation of innovation chain related institutions is the core node of the influence transmission path of catch-up oriented innovation policy and can play a role in connecting the government and the market.Innovation participation of innovation chain related institutions and the industry chain related enterprise are effective paths for the transmission of catch-up oriented innovation policy,their synergistic coupling relation can significantly improve the R&D investment behavior of enterprises.Innovation expectation and R&D investment are the decisive factors for the improvement of enterprise’s technological capability,and also is firm internal path of the transmission of catch-up innovation policy.(4)This paper evaluates the effect of catch-up oriented innovation policy on enterprise’s technological capability.Study found that catch-up oriented innovation policy has a positive influence on enterprise’s technology capability.The policy tool for building capability,policy tool for creating market,policy tool for constructing infrastructure and policy tool for institutional strategy have significant positive influence on enterprise’s technological capability,but policy tool for cultivating enterprises is no significant.Industrial competition pressure and firm’s resource application capability have positive conditioning effect on the relationship between catch-up oriented innovation policy and enterprise’s technological capability.The heterogeneity analysis based on the location of the industrial chain shows that the catch-up oriented innovation policy has the most significant impact on the technological capability for midstream enterprises in the industrial chain.The heterogeneity analysis based on the nature of enterprises shows that the catch-up oriented innovation policy has the most significant impact on the technological capability for private enterprises.The heterogeneity analysis based on regional location shows that the catch-up oriented innovation policy has the most significant impact on the technological capability for enterprises in central region.This paper makes the following contributions:(1)Constructing the model of catch-up innovation policy combination based on the strategic fitting theory,which reveals the fitting logic among the elements of catchup innovation policy combination,it can deepens the theory of policy combination;(2)The cross-level analysis framework of "catch-up innovation policy—technological innovation system—technological capability of enterprises" is constructed,and the mediating role of technological innovation system in the process of catch-up innovation policy affecting technological capability of enterprises is identified which can expand the policy action mechanism theory.(3)the paper use actor networks to study transmission path of catch-up innovation policy and reveal vital function of the industrial chain related enterprise,the innovation chain related institutions and service chain related institutions and other actors in transmission path of catch-up innovation policy which can complement policy transmission path of theory;(4)The difference of firms’ responses to catch-up innovation policies is analyzed based on the perspective of policy perception,and the heterogeneous effect of catch-up innovation policies on firms’ technological capability is revealed,which provides a new theoretical interpretation perspective for the research on the effect of innovation policies.