Research On The Firefighting Capability Evaluation And Enhancing Strategies For Traditional Wood Building Areas

There are many wood building areas in current China,many of which have special historical and cultural values.Among those areas,fire disaster is one of the most frequent and dangerous threats.The wood building areas not only are under the threat of daily fire and post earthquake fire,but also have unique fire spread patterns.Therefore,there are some particularities in fire prevention and control strategies.Considering that most of the existing regulations and researches are put forward against daily fire conditions which fail to take fire spread patterns into concern,there is still a lack of methods to better fit the characteristics of wood structure areas.In this dissertation,evaluation methods and strategies are proposed in terms of fire water supply,fire spread analysis and fire rescue based on the layout and fire protection characteristics of wood building areas.The main work are as follows:(1)A probabilistic evaluation method of firefighting capacity of water distribution system considering pipelines’ seismic failure and multiple simultaneous fire demand is proposed.Considering the randomness of pipeline damage and post earthquake fire under different earthquake intensities,the probability of sufficient fire water supply for post earthquake firefighting is calculated using Monte Carlo method.(2)Based on fire spread simulation,the fire spread risk of wood building areas is evaluated hierarchically,and an optimization strategy of fire renovation is proposed.With a case study,the complexity of the fire spread process is analyzed,and layout factors affecting the initial fire spread speed and the final spread scale are discussed.The effectiveness of the proposed fire renovation strategy is also verified.(3)A fire station location optimization method is proposed considering individual fire spread pattern and different fire risks.Based on the spread area-time relationship obtained from fire spread simulation,different risk attitudes of decision makers towards risks of different levels are considered in determining optimization objectives of daily fires and post-earthquake fires.With a Non-dominate Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II(NSGA-II),the optimized fire station locations can be obtained.The effectiveness of proposed method under different time parameters is confirmed with parametric analysis.(4)By comparing the effectiveness of both passive firefighting strategy of fire renovation,and active firefighting strategy of location optimization of fire station,the feasibility of active-passive-combined firefighting strategy is discussed.Implementation and expected results are discussed with a case study.