| With the gradual aging of the first generation of Shenzhen’s builders,the average annual growth rate of Shenzhen’s elderly population has reached 12% and is expected to reach 16.6% by 2035.Coupled with the increase in migrant elderly and migrant elderly brought about by the increase in new migrant families,the ageing of Shenzhen’s population will become an inevitable trend.In the context of home and community-based care as the main mode of elderly care,Shenzhen is still facing more problems in building active ageing communities,and building social capital for the elderly is an important means of active ageing in residential areas.As an important perspective of residential research,social capital is different from economic capital and human capital.It mainly refers to the elements in social life that can promote residents to act together and pursue common goals.These elements can promote residents to form social networks,neighborhood trust,and reciprocity standardize,and promote cohesion among residents.The construction of social capital can improve the quality of life and well-being of elderly and is an important issue in active ageing.With the objective of building eldeely’s social capital and the affordance theory as the research framework,this paper analyses the formation process of elderly’s social capital and then discusses the influence mechanism of activity space affordance realisation on the formation of elderly’s social capital.From the perspective of building social capital,this paper combines social capital theory and the characteristics of elderly people’s activities to establish a research framework for perceived,utilized and shaped affordance of activity spaces for the construction of elderly’s social capital,using the levels of affordance as the analytical framework.This study combines existing literature to select three sam ple residential areas that are representative in terms of activity space layout and social type,and analyses the realisation paths of each level of affordance in the sample residential areas.On this basis,the study analyses the influence of spatial affordance on the formation of elderly’s social capital in the sample residential areas.The results show that the perceived affordance of activity space is mainly achieved through the perception of environmental elements such as landscape environment and serv ice facilities by the elderly,based on the high land use mixture and street accessibility around the residential areas.In addition,the integration of street networks,the proportion of green spaces and service facilities can all contribute to the formati on of elderly’s social capital by increasing the perceived affordance.The analysis of the utilized affordance of activity spaces is based on their ability to accommodate a variety of activities.This paper analyses the realization degree of affordance in terms of the diversity of the activity types supported by the space,the inclusiveness of the population and the sustainability of the activities supported by the space.The results of the regression model reveal that the realisation of affordance is mainly influenced by the location and layout of activity spaces,service facilities and functions,the integration of residential areas and the way people interact with each other.In addition,the layout of urban parks and comfortable services for the elderly in the built environment contribute to the establishment and consolidation of social networks in the elderly’s social capital by enhancing the utilized affordance of activity spaces.The analysis of the shaped affordance of activity spaces is based on the conditions for the realisation of shaped affordance.This study investigates the factors influencing the realisation of shaped affordance using a regression equation model.The results show that the affordance of activity spaces is mainly influenced by the length of activity time,the rate of green space around the residential area,street density,intergenerational activity and the layout pattern of activity spaces.In addition,the impact of affordance on elderly’s social capital is based on the realisation of perceived and utilized affordance,and the formation of social networks is a precondition for the formation of social capital.The affordance of service facilities guarantee the interaction of residents,and the diversity of service facilities and the continuity of services can contribute to the formation of trust and residential cohesion among the elderly,thus contributing to the construction of social capital.Finally,this paper systematically explains the influence mechanism of space affordance on the formation of elderly’s social capital,explores the structural characteristics of elderly’s social capital under different built environmental characteristics,and proposes a residential planning and construction path for the construction of elderly’s social capital in terms of reconstructing social networks,building neighbourhood trust and enhancing cohesion in residential areas.It establishes a theoretical bridge between residential design methods and the construction of elderly’s social capital,and also provides guidance for the construction of ageing-friendly residential areas and new ideas for the study of elderly’s social capital. |
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