Characteristics Of Tongue And Intestinal Flora In Diarrhea Patients With Damp-heat Syndrome And Cold-damp Syndrome And Their Correlation With The Formation Of Tongue Image

Objective:To explore the characteristics of tongue and intestinal flora in patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome,we try to find their correlation with syndrome types;By correlation analyzing between the objective data of tongue image collected and ana lyzed by intelligent tongue diagnosis instrument and the changes of tongue flora and intestinal flora,we try to explore the bacteria species related to the formation of tongue image of diarrhea-dampness syndrome.Methods:1.Literature research: To summarize the research progress of Chinese and Western medicine for diarrhea,the research progress of tongue surface and intestinal flora in patients with diarrhea,the relationship between syndrome types and tongue surface flora and intestinal flora,and the research status of tongue image objectification by searching for literature related to diarrhea,tongue flora,intestinal flora,and objectification of tongue images in ancient Chinese medical books,expert consensus,diagnosis and treatment guidelines,and databases such as Pub Med,How Net,Wanfang,and VIP.2.Study on the characteristics of tongue and intestinal flora in pa tients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome: Collect 150 samples of tongue and intestinal flora samples from patients with damp-heat type and cold-damp type diarrhea and healthy volunteers with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria,analyzing the tongue coating and intestinal microbes of patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome were by using 16 S r RNA high-throughput sequencing technology,and compared with healthy volunteers to find out the different ba cterial species in the tongue and intestine between diarrhea patients and healthy volunteers,as well as damp-heat diarrhea and cold-damp diarrhea patients,and analyze their correlation with diseases and syndrome types.3.Study on the objective indicators of tongue image of diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome: The tongue image information of patients with diarrhea with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers was collected by using the TCM tongue surface information acquisition analyzer,and the color of tongue quality and tongue coating,suggillation,cracks,indentation and the proportion of tongue coating area were analyzed.4.Correlation study between tongue flora,intestinal flora and the formation of tongue image of diarrhea-dampness syndrome: The above-mentioned objective indicators of different tongue images are used as environmental factors to correlate with tongue flora and intestinal flora.Through analysis,the bacterial species related to the formation of tongue image of diarrhea-dampness syndrome were obtained.Results:1.Literature research: Researchers have explored the relationship between microecology and human health and disease from multiple perspectives,and found that intestinal flo ra can not only affect the occurrence and development of diseases,but also have a correlation with syndrome types.There are also differences in the flora of the tongue with patients of different diseases and syndrome types,which provides a feasible basis for studying the changing laws of diseases and syndromes from the perspective of flora.2.Research on the characteristics of tongue flora in diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome: Although the species richness and diversity of tongue flora in diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers are similar,but there are differences in the composition of the flora.Among them,the tongue surface of diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome was significantly enriched with Prevotella under the phylum of Bacteroidetes,Pseudomonas and Actinobacteria under the phylum of Proteobacteria,Coriobacteriales under the phylum of Actinobacteria.The tongue surface of diarrhea patients with cold-heat syndrome was significantly enriched with Prevotella,Phocaeicola under the phylum of Bacteroidetes and Coriobacteriales under the phylum of Actinobacteria.While the healthy control group was significantly enriched in Haemophilus,Pseudomonas,Neisseria under the phylum of Proteobacteria,Gemella under the phylum of Firmicutes,Porphyromonas under the phylum of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacterium under the phylum of Fusobacteria.3.Research on the characteristics of intestinal flora in diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome: The intestinal flora of diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers are also similar in speci es richness and diversity,but there are also differences in the composition of the flora.The diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome were significantly enriched with Enterococcus and Granulicatella under the phylum of Firmicutes,Coriobacteriales under the phylum of Actinobacteria,Klebsiella under the phylum of Proteobacteria,The diarrhea patients with cold-heat syndrome were significantly enriched with Lactobacillus under the phylum of Firmicutes,Actinomyces and Rothia under the phylum of Actinobacteria.While the healthy control group was significantly enriched in the Megamonas under the phylum of Firmicutes.4.Objective research on tongue image of diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome and cold-damp syndrome: among the objective parameters of tongue color,the G value,B value and L value were significant different between diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome,cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers.The results of pairwise comparison showed that compared with the healthy control group,the tongue quality G value,B value,S value,a value and b value of the patients wit h diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome were significantly increased;Compared with the patients with diarrhea of cold-damp syndrome.Among the objective parameters of tongue coating color,G value and a value were significantly different among patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome,patients with diarrhea of cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers.The results of pairwise comparison showed that compared with the healthy control group,the tongue quality G value,B value,S value and a value were significantly increased,and the L value was significantly decreased in the patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome,and the L value was significantly decreased of the patients with diarrhea of cold-heat syndrome,Compared with the patients with dia rrhea of cold-damp syndrome,the G value of tongue quality was significantly increased in patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome.Among the objective parameters of tongue shape and proportion of tongue coating area,the three indicators of tooth mark area proportion,width-to-width ratio,and tongue coating area proportion were significantly different among patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome,patients with diarrhea of cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers.The results of pairwise comparison showed that compared with the healthy control group,the width-to-width ratio and the proportion of tongue coating area in the patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome were significantly increased,and the proportion of tooth mark area,width-to-width ratio,and the proportion of tongue coating area in the patients with diarrhea of cold-damp syndrome were significantly increased.5.Research on the correlation between the objective indicators of tongue image and the flora of the tongue s urface: the L parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with Prevotella,Alloprevotella,Atopobium,while negatively correlated with Rothia,Haemophilus and Capnocytophaga;tongue color b parameter was negatively correlated with Rothia and Pseudomonas;The R parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with Actinomyces,and negatively correlated with Haemophilus and Capnocytophaga;the G and B parameters of tongue color were positively correlated with Streptococcus;The H parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with Pseudomonas;the S parameter of tongue color was negatively correlated with Rothia;the V parameter of tongue color was negatively correlated with Rothia,Haemophilus and Capnocytophaga;tongue coating color b parameter was negatively correlated with Veillonella;tongue coating color R parameter was positively correlated with Streptococcus and Peptostreptococcus;tongue coating color G parameters was positively correlated with Streptococcus and Stomatobaculum;the tongue coating color B parameter was positively correlated with Streptococcus;the tongue coating color H parameter was positively correlated with Pseudomonas,and negatively correlated with Neisseria,Haemophilus and Alloprevotella;tongue coating color V parameter was negatively correlated with Rothia and Capnocytophaga;The suggillation area ratio was negatively correlated with Pseudomonas,the crack length was negatively correlated with Streptococcus and Pseudomonas,The width-to-width ratio was positively correlated with Atopobium and megasphaera,and negatively correlated with Fusobacterium.The proportion of tongue coating area was positively correlated with Atopobium.6.Research on the correlation between the objective indicators of tongue image and intestinal flora: The a parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with erysipelotricheae-UCG-003,the R parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with Ruminococcus＿torques＿group,The G parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with Clostridium＿sensu＿stricto＿1,the S parameter of tongue color was positively correlated with erysipelotricheae-UCG-003;The L parameter of tongue coating color was positively correlated with Bacteroides,the a parameter,R parameter and V parameters of tongue coating color were positively correlated with erysipelotricheae-UCG-003;the proportion of tongue coating area was positively correlated with streptococcus,Romboutsia and Enterococcus,and were negatively correlated with Prevotella and Bacteroides.Conclusions:1.There are differences in the composition of tongue flora and intestinal flora in patients with diarrhea of damp-heat syndrome,patients with diarrhea of cold-damp syndrome and healthy volunteers.Among them,the enriched bacteria species in diarrhea patients with damp-heat syndrome are mostly related to inflammatory metabolism,such as Pseudomonas,Enterococcus,Granulicatella,Klebsiella.The bacteria enriched in the diarrhea patients of the cold-dampness syndrome are mostly hydrophil ic,such as Rothia,Coriobacteriales and Phocaeicola.2.Pseudomonas,Prevotella,Streptococcus and Capnocytophaga may be related to the formation of yellow coating;Rothia,Coriobacteriales,Atopobium,Enterococcus may be involved in the formation of gre asy coating;Phocaeicola may be associated with the formation of white coating.